Clinical Study
A Comparison of Medical and Psychobehavioral Emergency Department Visits Made by Adults with Intellectual Disabilities
Table 2
Unadjusted odds ratios of association between variables and type of emergency visits (psychobehavioral versus medical crisis).
| | Variables | Total | Medical visit
N (%) | Psychobehavioral visit
N (%) | OR | 95% CI |
| | Age in years | | | | | | | ≤25 | 57 (25.8%) | 11 (11.2%) | 46 (37.3%) | 8.13*** | 3.45–19.23 | | 26–45 | 106 (48.0%) | 48 (49.0%) | 58 (47.2%) | 2.35* | 1.20–4.61 | | 46+ (ref) | 56 (25.3%) | 37 (37.8%) | 19 (15.4%) | | | | Sex | | | | | | | Female | 86 (38.9%) | 39 (39.8%) | 47 (38.2%) | 0.94 | 0.54–1.61 | | Male (ref) | 135 (61%) | 59 (60.2%) | 76 (61.8%) | | | | Level of disability | | | | | | | Borderline/mild | 88 (39.8%) | 26 (35.1%) | 62 (59%) | 2.66** | 1.44–4.93 | | Moderate/severe (ref) | 91 (41%) | 48 (64.9%) | 43 (41%) | | | | Cultural background | | | | | | | Caucasian | 165 (74.6%) | 79 (82.3%) | 86 (71.7%) | 0.27* | 0.09–0.85 | | Other | 31 (14.0%) | 13 (13.5%) | 18 (15%) | 0.35 | 0.09–1.28 | | African Canadian (ref) | 20 (9.0%) | 4 (4.2%) | 16 (13.3%) | | | | Residence | | | | | | | Group home | 91 (41.1%) | 56 (57.7%) | 35 (29.2%) | 0.41* | 0.22–0.77 | | Family | 53 (23.9%) | 12 (12.4%) | 41 (34.2%) | 2.25* | 1.02–4.99 | | Minimal supports (ref) | 73 (33.0%) | 29 (29.9%) | 44 (36.7%) | | | | Psychiatric diagnosis | | | | | | | Yes | 114 (51.5%) | 33 (34%) | 81 (65.9%) | 3.75*** | 2.13–6.58 | | No (Ref) | 106 (47.9%) | 64 (66%) | 42 (34.1%) | | | | Autism diagnosis | | | | | | | Yes | 53 (23.9%) | 18 (18.6%) | 35 (28.5%) | 1.75 | 0.92–3.32 | | No (ref) | 167 (75.5%) | 79 (81.4%) | 88 (71.5%) | | | | Life events | | | | | | | 0 | 47 (21.2%) | 32 (33%) | 15 (12.2%) | 0.28* | 0.14–0.58 | | 1 | 56 (25.3%) | 21 (21.6%) | 35 (28.5%) | 1.01 | 0.52–1.94 | | 2 or more (ref) | 117 (52.9%) | 44 (45.4%) | 73 (59.3%) | | |
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*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01,
***P < 0.001; note: ref: reference category.
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