A Systematic Review of Ethanol and Fomepizole Use in Toxic Alcohol Ingestions
Table 1
Patient demographics; individual cases.
Variable
Ethylene glycol
Methanol
Ethanol
Fomepizole
Both
Ethanol
Fomepizole
Both
(n = 166)
(n = 31)
(n = 15)
(n = 201)
(n = 72)
(n = 18)
Age (mean ± SD)
(n = 162)
(n = 21)
(n = 15)
(n = 189)
(n = 72)
(n = 18)
42.2 ± 14.3
42.5 ± 14.7
40.6 ± 15.4
39.0 ± 13.7
44.9 ± 12.8
43.7 ± 17.2
Median = 42
Median = 45
Median = 42
Median = 36
Median = 45
Median = 42
Gender (% male)
(n = 144)
(n = 21)
(n = 15)
(n = 199)
(n = 72)
(n = 18)
84%
67%
80%
73%
68%
56%
Region
(n = 166)
(n = 31)
(n = 15)
(n = 201)
(n = 72)
(n = 18)
North America
19%
32%
33%
52%
29%
39%
Europe
81%
68%
67%
37%
71%
61%
Other
0%
0%
0%
11%
0%
0%
Time to diagnosis (h) (range)
(n = 124)
(n = 19)
(n = 7)
(n = 145)
(n = 15)
(n = 7)
0.5–24
0.25–22
0.5–36
1–72
0.5–30
2–41
Median = 2
Median = 6
Median = 11
Median = 6.3
Median = 9.5
Median = 6.5
Toxic alcohol serum level
(n = 113)
(n = 30)
(n = 15)
(n = 186)
(n = 72)
(n = 18)
(mmol/L)
24.7 ± 43.9
46.2 ± 58.9
20.3 ± 16.8
63.0 ± 61.4
43.8 ± 48.3
58.3 ± 68.2
(mean ± SD)
Median = 8.0
Median = 23
Median = 15.7
Median = 43.8
Median = 23.5
Median = 27.3
Ethanol serum level
(n = 19)
(n = 9)
(n = 1)
(n = 40)
(n = 57)
(n = 7)
(mmol/L)
20.4 ± 31.1
8.2 ± 13.6
0
6.3 ± 12.3
7.3 ± 18.6
4.4 ± 10.5
(mean ± SD)
Median = 0.03
Median = 0
Median = 0
Median = 0
Median = 0
Median = 0
Initial serum pH
(n = 126)
(n = 27)
(n = 12)
(n = 190)
(n = 69)
(n = 16)
(mean ± SD)
7.21 ± 0.22
7.16 ± 0.21
7.18 ± 0.16
7.13 ± 0.25
7.16 ± 0.27
7.26 ± 0.14
Median = 7.29
Median = 7.17
Median = 7.18
Median = 7.19
Median = 7.23
Median = 7.27
Coingestion
(n = 30)
(n = 5)
(n = 1)
(n = 30)
(n = 28)
(n = 6)
Ethanol ()
13
3
1
20
17
1
Other ()
3
1
0
1
2
0
ME: methanol, EG: ethylene glycol, SD: standard deviation. Data points were not available for every case. Calculations of mean, median, and SD were done using available data only.
n in bold at the top of each column represents total number of patients in the group. in each cell represents number of patients for whom data was present.
