A Multicenter Observational Prospective Cohort Study of Association of the Prehospital National Early Warning Score 2 and Hospital Triage with Early Mortality

Table 1

General patient characteristics (death statistics refer to early mortality rates).

	Total	Survivors	Non-survivors	p-value
Number [n (%)]	1054 (100)	999 (94.8)	55 (5.2)
Age (years old) [Median (IQR)]	68 (53-81)	67 (53-80)	79 (65-88)	0.001
Gender
Male [n (%)]	636 (60.3)	598 (94.0)	38 (6.0)
Female [n (%)]	418 (39.7)	401 (95.9)	17 (4.1)	0.159
Isochronous (minutes) [Median (IQR)]
Arrival time	10 (8-14)	10 (8-14)	10 (7-13)	0.196
Support time	29 (23-35)	28 (22-35)	33 (25-41)	0.920
Transfer time	10 (7-14)	10 (7-14)	11 (7-18)	0.253
Initial evaluation [Median (IQR)]
Breathing rate (bpm)	18 (14-24)	18 (14-24)	29 (15-34)	0.007
Oxygen saturation (%)	96 (93-98)	96 (93-98)	78 (69-93)	<0.001
Heart rate (bpm)	85 (70-103)	84 (70-102)	93 (72-120)	0.169
SBP (mmHg)	137 (117-157)	137 (119-156)	132 (92 (163)	0.208
Tympanic temperature (°C)	36.4 (36.0-36.9)	36.4 (36.0-36.9)	36.1 (35.4-36.9)	0.355
Mental state (confusion) [n (%)]	282 (26.8)	244 (24.4)	38 (69.1)	<0.001
NEWS2 (points) [Median (IQR)]	4 (2-8)	4 (2-7)	12 (9-14)	<0.001
Prehospital support [n (%)]
Supplemental oxygen	359 (34.1)	309 (30.9)	50 (90.9)	<0.001
Advanced airway	73 (6.9)	48 (4.8)	25 (45.5)	<0.001
Intravenous  medication	915 (86.8)	865 (86.6)	50 (90.9)	0.291
Prehospital diagnostic [n (%)]
Cardiac pathology	443 (42.1)	420 (42.0)	23 (41.8)
Neurological pathology	192 (18.2)	183 (18.3)	9 (16.4)
Respiratory pathology	88 (8.3)	82 (8.2)	6 (10.9)
Injuries and external agents	197 (18.7)	188 (18.8)	9 (16.4)
Infectious pathology	62 (5.9)	55 (5.5)	7 (12.7)
Other pathology	72 (6.8)	71 (7.1)	1 (1.8)	<0.001
Hospital triage [n (%)]
Level I: resuscitation	94 (8.9)	71 (7.1)	23 (41.8)
Level II: emergency	410 (38.9)	383 (38.3)	27 (49.1)
Level III: urgency	550 (52.2)	545 (54.6)	5 (9.1)	<0.001

IQR: interquartile range; SBP: systolic blood pressure.