Blunt Isolated Small Bowel Perforation Intervention: Does a Delay in Management Matter?
Table 1
Summary of baseline characteristics for the study population.
All patients, n (%) (n = 52)
Time to operative intervention group
value
≤8 h (n = 33)1
>8 h to ≤ 24 h (n = 13)2
>24 h (n = 6)3
Male
38 (73)
24 (73)
10 (77)
4 (67)
0.894
Age (y), mean ± SD
53 ± 16
53 ± 15
52 ± 19
61 ± 9
0.421
Abdominal pain
48 (92)
31 (94)
12 (92)
5 (83)
0.669
Time from injury to OR, median (IQR, 25–75)
5.8 (3.8–10.7)
3.5 (3–5)
10.8 (9.4–15.4)
43.8 (37.5–81)
<0.001†
Time from ER to OR, median (IQR, 25–75)
2.9 (2.0–6.5)
2.5 (2.0–3.7)
6.4 (3.3–12.9)
31.1 (4.3–43)
<0.001†
Injury mechanism
0.993
MVC
23 (44)
15 (46)
6 (45)
2 (33)
MBC
6 (12)
4 (12)
1 (8)
1 (17)
Pedestrian
6 (12)
4 (12)
1 (8)
1 (17)
Falls
2 (4)
1 (3)
1 (8)
0 (0)
Bicycle
3 (6)
2 (6)
1 (8)
0 (0)
Others
12 (23)
7 (21)
3 (23)
2 (33)
SBP (mmHg), median (IQR, 25–75)
109 (94–130)
105 (89–130)
120 (104–139)
103 (98–124)
0.524
Hypotension (SBP <90 mmHg)
10 (19)
8 (24)
2 (15)
0 (0)
0.352
HR (beats per minute), median (IQR, 25–75)
84 (75–98)
88 (70–98)
84 (80–93)
87 (78–104)
0.795
GCS, median (IQR, 25–75)
15 (14–15)
15 (15–15)
15 (15–15)
14 (14–15)
0.123
CT findings (initial)
Bowel-wall thickness
45 (87)
30 (91)
11 (85)
4 (67)
0.270
Mesenteric stranding
46 (89)
28 (85)
12 (92)
6 (100)
0.498
Free air
38 (73)
26 (79)
10 (77)
2 (33)
0.065
Free fluid
47 (90)
30 (91)
11 (85)
6 (100)
0.564
Contrast extravasation
12 (23)
10 (30)
2 (15)
0 (0)
0.201
Initial Hgb (mg/dl), mean ± SD
13.4 ± 2.3
13.1 ± 2.4
14.7 ± 1.7
12.1 ± 1.8
0.040
Initial WBC (109/L), mean ± SD
11.8 ± 5.4
12.0 ± 5.3
11.2 ± 4.7
12.1 ± 7.9
0.898
CRP (n = 44 mg/dL), median (IQR, 25–75)
0.24 (0.08–1.15)
0.16 (0.08–0.41) (n = 29)
0.89 (0.31–1.56) (n = 11)
10.77 (0.53–24.00) (n = 4)
0.138
Lowest Hgb (mg/dl), mean ± SD
10.3 ± 2.1
10.2 ± 2.2
10.6 ± 2.0
10.3 ± 1.6
0.865
Abdominal AIS score
0.143
3
35 (67)
19 (58)
11 (85)
5 (83)
4
17 (33)
14 (42)
2 (15)
1 (17)
ISS, median (IQR, 25–75)
18 (10–25)
18 (12–26)
14 (9–23)
19 (13–43)
0.289
BIPS
0.856
1
5 (10)
2 (6)
2 (15)
1 (17)
2
38 (73)
25 (76)
9 (69)
4 (66)
3
9 (17)
6 (18)
2 (15)
1 (17)
SD standard deviation; OR operation room; ER emergency room; MVA motor vehicle collision; MBA motor bike collision; SBP systolic blood pressure in emergency department; HR heart rate in emergency department; GCS Glasgow coma scale; CT computed tomography; Hgb hemoglobin; WBC white blood cell; CRP C-reactive protein; AIS abbreviated injury scale; ISS injury severity score; BIPS bowel injury prediction score. †In the post hoc tests of both variables; 1 showed statistical significance for 2 and 3.
