COVID-19 Infection Deteriorates the Clinical Condition and Outcomes of Acute Pancreatitis: A Meta-Analysis

Table 2

Pooled results of clinical outcomes.

Pooled result	Statistical method	Number of studies	MD/OR	95% CI	value	Heterogeneity
							I ^2
Pancreatic necrosis	Fixed	4	1.65	1.13, 2.42	0.010	0.82	0%
Portal venous thrombosis	Fixed	2	1.02	0.35, 2.94	0.97	0.95	0%
Persistent organ failure	Random	2	6.87	2.37, 19.98	0.0004	0.12	58%
Cardiovascular failure	Fixed	2	2.92	1.66, 5.14	0.0002	0.58	0%
Renal failure	Fixed	3	1.27	0.76, 2.12	0.37	0.68	0%
ARDS/ALI	Fixed	4	3.03	2.09, 4.39	<0.00001	0.20	35%
MODS	Random	2	4.78	0.74, 30.77	0.10	0.02	81%
Mechanical ventilation	Fixed	3	7.36	4.19, 12.92	<0.00001	0.66	0%
Noninvasive ventilation	Random	2	2.92	0.54, 15.69	0.21	0.09	66%
Need for surgery	Random	3	1.67	0.62, 4.49	0.31	0.01	78%
ICU admission	Fixed	4	2.76	1.98, 3.85	<0.00001	0.47	0%
Length of hospital stay	Random	4	4.53	0.96, 8.10	0.01	0.02	69%
Mortality rate	Fixed	7	3.70	2.60, 5.25	<0.00001	0.12	40%

MD, mean difference; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; ALI, acute lung injury; MODS, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome; ICU, intensive care unit. Statistical difference,  < 0.05. Statistical difference,  < 0.01.