Development and Validation of a Dynamic Prediction Model for Massive Hemorrhage in Trauma

Table 1

Comparison of baseline characteristics.

Characteristics	Totals	Massive hemorrhage		P values
		Yes	No
No.	2205	265	1940
Male, n (%)	1711 (77.60%)	196 (74.0%)	1515 (78.1%)	0.130
Age, mean (SD), y	47.42 (17.40)	47.60 (16.10)	47.39 (17.57)	0.850
Vital signs, mean (SD)
Heart rate, beats/min	93.10 (21.64)	104.35 (23.80)	91.96 (21.08)
Respiratory rate, breaths/min	19.58 (2.20)	19.58 (2.40)	19.58 (2.17)	0.890
Pulse pressure, mmHg	49.08 (14.02)	46.34 (13.54)	49.36 (14.04)
Peripheral oxygen saturation, %	97.50 (2.85)	97.00 (3.95)	97.56 (2.70)

The P values pertain to the result of differential analysis between the massive hemorrhage and nonmassive hemorrhage groups. Quantitative data were expressed by means (SD) and the differences were analyzed using the t-tests. Classified data were expressed using n values (%) and the differences were analyzed using a chi-square test. indicates that the difference is statistically significant. SD: standard deviation.