Emergency Medicine International

Research Article

Risk of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Community-Acquired Pneumonia Patients: Use of an Artificial Neural Network Model

Table 1

Univariate analysis of factors related to ARDS in CAP patients.


Variable	Statistical method	Non-ARDS group (IQR) (n = 666)	ARDS group (IQR) (n = 323)	χ²/t value	value

Demographic characteristics
Age (years)	Rank-sum test	68.0 (55.0–78.0)	73.2 (67.0–83.0)	7.260	<0.001
Gender (%)	Chi-square test			18.650	<0.001
Man		395 (59.3%)	237 (73.4%)
Woman		271 (40.7%)	86 (26.6%)
Clinical characteristics
Hypertension (%)	Chi-square test	297 (44.6%)	181 (56.0%)	11.400	≤0.001
Diabetes (%)	Chi-square test	146 (21.9%)	87 (26.9%)	0.100	0.825
MSPB (mmHg)	Rank-sum test	126.0 (114.0–138.0)	124.0 (107.0–139.0)	−1.740	0.081
MT (°C)	Rank-sum test	36.8 (36.5–37.3)	37.0 (36.5–37.6)	1.890	0.058
MRR (sub/min)	Rank-sum test	18.0 (18.0–20.0)	22.0 (19.0–29.0)	11.200	<0.001
MHR (sub/min)	Rank-sum test	85.0 (76.0–94.0)	97.0 (82.0–112.0)	4.300	<0.001
Source of admission	Chi-square test			567.940	<0.001
Outpatient (%)		82 (12.3%)	293 (90.7%)
Emergency (%)		584 (87.7%)	73 (89.0%)
Laboratory findings
CRP (mg/L)	Rank-sum test	28.0 (6.6–81.3)	85.3 (28.9–134.1)	9.190	<0.001
PCT (ng/mL)	Rank-sum test	0.1 (0–0.3)	0.8 (0.2–6.5)	15.940	<0.001
ESR (mm/h)	Rank-sum test	30.0 (15.0–58.0)	50.0 (25.0–77.0)	6.660	<0.001
NEUT (×109/L)	Rank-sum test	5.0 (3.3–7.6)	10.2 (6.6–13.9)	12.930	<0.001
EO (×10^9/L)	Rank-sum test	0.1 (0–0.2)	0 (0–0.2)	−5.970	<0.001
FEU (mg/l)	Rank-sum test	0.7 (0.3–1.6)	2.7 (1.4–6.4)	15.580	<0.001
APTT (sec)	Rank-sum test	28.9 (27.0–31.8)	32.1 (28.8–36.0)	8.510	<0.001
TBIL (umol/L)	Rank-sum test	9.1 (6.6–13.0)	13.7 (9.0–20.2)	9.120	<0.001
ALB (g/L)	Rank-sum test	37.0 (32.5–40.9)	31.0 (27.4–35.4)	13.170	<0.001
LDH (U/L)	Rank-sum test	195.0 (164.0–235.0)	288.5 (204.0–436.0)	12.440	<0.001
CREA (μmol/L)	Rank-sum test	64.1 (52.3–80.0)	80.1 (55.3–130.0)	6.680	<0.001
HGB (g/L)	Rank-sum test	125.0 (110.0–138.0)	110.2 (92.0–129.0)	−7.200	<0.001
PLT (×109)	Rank-sum test	214.0 (167.0–267.0)	197.0 (125.0–257.0)	−3.480	0.001
GLU (mmol/L)	Rank-sum test	5.6 (4.9–7.5)	8.2 (6.5–11.0)	11.350	<0.001
K⁺	Rank-sum test	3.9 (3.6–4.2)	4.0 (3.5–4.4)	3.340	0.001
Na⁺	Rank-sum test	138.8 (136.1–141.0)	137.0 (132.8–142.5)	−2.57	0.010

Note. IQR, interquartile ranges; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; CAP, community-acquired pneumonia; MSPB, maximum systolic blood pressure; MT, maximum temperature; MRR, maximum respiratory rate; MHR, maximum heart rate; CRP, c-reactive protein; PCT, procalcitonin; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; NEUT, neutrophil count; EO, eosinophil count; FEU, fibrinogen equivalent unit; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; TBIL, total bilirubin; ALB, albumin; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; CREA, creatinine; HGB, hemoglobin; PLT, platelet; GLU, glucose; K⁺, the concentration of total level of serum kalium; Na⁺, the concentration of total level of serum natrium.