Characterization of Aquifer Multiscale Properties by Generating Random Fractal Field with Truncated Power Variogram Model Using Karhunen–Loève Expansion

Table 1

Comparison of the existing methods to generate random fractal field.

Tool	Variogram type	Conditioning	Dimensionality reduction	Reference
GSLIB	Stationary	Yes	No	Deutsch and Journel, 1997
GSLIB-TPV	Stationary and nonstationary	Yes	No	Xue and Zhang, 2014; Xue et al., 2014
Spectral methods	Stationary and nonstationary	No	No	Heße et al., 2014
Fractal method	Stationary and nonstationary	No	No	Dieker, 2004
KL-TPV	Stationary and nonstationary	Yes	Yes	Current method