Application of Numerical Modelling and Genetic Programming in Hydrocarbon Seepage Prediction and Control for Crude Oil Storage Unlined Rock Caverns

<div>Initial and boundary conditions for the five-spot problem as well as water saturation (<svg height="11.9224pt" id="M33" style="vertical-align:-3.286501pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 12.8114 11.9224" width="12.8114pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M449 634C442 637 425 643 405 650C376 660 341 666 307 666C181 666 98 590 98 485C98 400 170 343 215 310L246 288C307 243 343 204 343 147C343 67 291 18 219 18C104 18 61 124 51 202L23 199C28 124 27 71 27 47C47 22 122 -16 204 -16C324 -16 428 60 428 174C428 256 379 309 307 360L276 382C223 419 179 455 179 516C179 576 221 632 293 632C379 632 410 564 418 487L448 490C446 536 446 592 449 634Z" id="g113-84"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="472" vert-adv-y="472" xpluscharwidth="6.136"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.071,3.132)"><path d="M457 91C445 205 436 321 425 433H400C341 325 274 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xpluscharwidth="29.42"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.42,0)"><path d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 602 354 454 354 312C354 172 330 22 240 22C152 22 124 173 124 313S148 602 238 602Z" id="g113-49"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="480" vert-adv-y="480" xpluscharwidth="35.660000000000004"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,35.66,0)"><path d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 602 354 454 354 312C354 172 330 22 240 22C152 22 124 173 124 313S148 602 238 602Z" id="g113-49"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="480" vert-adv-y="480" xpluscharwidth="41.9"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,41.9,0)"><path d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 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id="g113-117"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="341" vert-adv-y="341" xpluscharwidth="12.76"></glyph.data></g></svg>) of 1 day for the fully coupled and mixture model formulation with COMSOL.</div>

Geofluids

fig1

Figure 1

Figure 1: Application of Numerical Modelling and Genetic Programming in Hydrocarbon Seepage Prediction and Control for Crude Oil Storage Unlined Rock Caverns 

Figure 1 | Application of Numerical Modelling and Genetic Programming in Hydrocarbon Seepage Prediction and Control for Crude Oil Storage Unlined Rock Caverns 