Fluid Chemistry of Mid-Ocean Ridge Hydrothermal Vents: A Comparison between Numerical Modeling and Vent Geochemical Data

Figure 1

Temperature stability constraints for minerals occurring in hydrothermally altered mid-ocean ridge basalts. Full black lines: upper and/or lower stability constraints of the phase added in the code according to alteration mineralogy data after ¹Arnold et al. [39], ²Lonsdale et al. [40], ³Henley and Ellis [41], ⁴Jenkins et al. [42], ⁵Reyes [43], ⁶Hannington et al. [44], ⁷White and Hedenquist [45], ⁸Jové and Hacker [46], ⁹Chipera and Apps [47], ¹⁰Bird and Spieler [48], ¹¹Monecke et al. [49], ¹²Hodgkinson et al. [50], and ¹³Thien et al. [51]. Dashed grey lines: nonconstrained mineral phase. Ideal solid solution endmembers: ^aCa-beidellite, Ca-nontronite, Mg-beidellite, Mg-nontronite, K-beidellite, K-nontronite, Na-beidellite, and Na-nontronite; ^bCa-saponite, Fe-saponite, Mg-saponite, K-saponite, and Na-saponite; ^cCa-montmorillonite, Mg-montmorillonite, K-montmorillonite, and Na-montmorillonite; and ^dCa-chabazite and Na-chabazite.