Geology, Mineralogy, Fluid Inclusion, and H–O–S–Pb Isotope Constraints on Ore Genesis of the Keyue Sb–Pb–Zn–Ag Deposit in Southern Tibet

Table 1

EPMA data for minerals from the Keyue deposit.

Sample number	Mineral	As	Au	S	Ga	Pb	Ag	Se	Bi	Mn	Cd	Fe	In	Co	Sn	Ni	Sb	Cu	Te	Zn	Total
2-3	Sp	—	0.038	33.431	0.004	0.130	—	—	0.027	—	0.019	2.864	—	—	—	0.003	—	0.068	—	63.907	100.491
3-4	Sp	—	0.011	33.353	—	0.085	—	—	0.042	—	0.051	3.999	—	—	—	0.015	—	0.184	—	62.565	100.305
4-1	Sp	0.004	0.126	33.414	—	0.038	—	—	—	—	0.032	2.189	—	—	—	0.011	0.049	0.029	—	64.162	100.054
4-2	Sp	—	—	33.215	—	0.053	—	—	—	—	0.005	2.343	—	—	—	—	0.002	0.147	—	64.234	99.999
5-3	Sp	0.009	0.044	33.298	—	0.079	—	—	0.032	—	0.033	4.007	0.051	—	—	—	—	0.140	—	62.291	99.984
5-2	Sp	—	—	33.640	—	0.122	—	—	0.095	—	0.019	6.070	—	—	—	—	0.029	1.145	—	59.236	100.356
6-3	Sp	0.039	0.033	33.731	0.023	0.216	—	—	0.004	—	—	2.439	—	—	—	0.006	0.003	—	—	64.645	101.139
1-2	Sp	0.011	0.076	33.281	0.007	0.091	—	—	0.043	—	—	4.983	0.049	—	—	0.007	—	0.012	—	61.894	100.454
7-4	Sp	—	—	33.294	—	0.098	—	0.012	0.146	0.024	—	4.041	—	—	0.033	0.012	0.012	0.091	0.018	60.844	98.625
8-4-1	Sp	—	0.016	33.314	—	0.078	0.614	0.008	0.143	0.035	0.032	3.193	—	0.006	—	—	1.181	1.838	—	60.154	100.612
8-4	Sp	0.032	—	33.749	0.030	—	—	—	—	0.017	0.031	3.852	—	0.022	—	—	—	0.037	0.019	63.290	101.079
11-4	Sp	0.056	0.005	33.242	0.053	—	—	0.005	0.030	0.021	0.005	3.561	—	0.001	—	0.006	0.009	0.012	—	63.570	100.576
11-3	Sp	0.019	—	33.816	0.067	0.191	—	0.037	—	0.046	—	5.486	—	0.012	—	0.012	0.008	—	—	61.554	101.248
28-1	Sp	—	0.049	33.358	0.097	0.055	—	0.071	0.03	0.004	0.004	3.063	—	0.028	0.268	—	0.044	0.906	—		98.591
33-1	Sp	—	0.060	33.514	—	0.046	—	0.005	0.017	0.029	0.043	4.077	—	—	0.031	—	—	—	—	62.878	100.700
35-1	Sp	—	0.005	33.014	—	—	—	—	0.049	0.025	—	2.784	—	—	0.247	0.018	0.034	0.326	—	62.991	99.493
15-2	Sp	0.042	0.113	33.627	0.103	0.074	—	—	0.015	0.068	0.045	8.757	—	0.004	—	—	0.046	0.051	0.050	57.734	100.727
34-3	Sp	0.013	0.044	33.194	0.004	0.098	—	0.008	0.119	0.055	0.019	3.704	—	0.056	—	0.158	—	—	0.003	61.905	99.380
2-2	Gn	—	—	13.308	—	85.553	0.095	—	0.335	—	—	0.027	—	—	—	—	0.246	0.012	—	0.026	99.602
3-1	Gn	—	—	13.464	—	84.717	0.139	—	0.213	—	—	0.031	—	—	—	0.022	0.217	0.029	—	—	98.832
3-2	Gn	—	—	13.536	0.042	84.604	0.033	—	0.132	—	—	0.018	—	—	—	—	0.126	0.008	—	—	98.499
3-3	Gn	—	—	13.407	—	85.522	0.093	—	0.282	—	—	0.012	—	—	—	0.011	0.205	—	—	—	99.532
5-1	Gn	—	—	13.486	0.020	84.577	0.091	—	0.312	—	—	0.04	—	—	—	—	0.189	0.014	—	—	98.729
5-3	Gn	—	—	13.451	—	83.778	0.092	—	0.164	—	—	0.071	—	—	—	—	0.165	—	—	—	97.721
5-2	Gn	—	—	13.540	—	85.395	0.139	—	0.210	—	—	0.031	—	—	—	0.012	0.309	0.031	—	—	99.667
1-1	Gn	—	—	13.488	—	84.989	0.172	0.011	0.524	—	—	0.038	—	—	—	—	0.065	—	—	—	99.287
1-3	Gn	—	—	13.426	—	85.184	0.131	0.004	0.547	—	—	0.024	—	0.038	—	0.013	0.151	0.230	—	0.020	99.768
7-3	Gn	—	—	13.582	0.030	85.306	0.109	—	0.289	—	—	0.031	—	—	—	0.014	0.204	0.005	0.067	0.009	99.646
7-4	Gn	—	—	13.649	—	84.767	0.038	—	0.38	0.001	—	—	—	—	—	0.001	0.220	0.010	0.013	0.030	99.109
18-2	Gn	—	—	13.491	—	84.491	0.180	0.025	0.779	0.018	—	0.076	—	—	0.008	—	0.009	0.173	0.072	0.471	99.793
18-3	Gn	—	—	13.381	0.003	82.832	0.747	0.005	2.044	—	—	0.171	—	—	—	0.016	—	0.308	0.001	—	99.508
24-1	Gn	—	—	13.545	—	84.609	0.167	—	0.330	—	—	0.036	—	0.007	—	0.021	0.212	—	0.057	0.012	98.996
28-1	Gn	—	—	13.489	—	86.296	0.044	—	0.416	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.111	0.016	0.101	0.031	100.504
32-2	Gn	—	—	13.564	—	81.641	1.166	0.131	2.873	—	—	0.016	—	—	—	0.034	0.010	—	0.030	—	99.465
15-4	Gn	—	—	13.596	0.020	85.520	0.131	—	0.373	0.012	—	0.012	—	—	—	—	0.142	—	0.074	—	99.880
5-1	Py	—	0.079	53.193	—	0.046	0.023	—	0.046	—	0.020	46.336	—	—	—	0.014	0.017	0.017	—	0.019	99.810
8-3	Py	—	—	53.483	—	0.113	—	—	0.046	—	—	46.402	0.018	0.064	—	0.009	0.002	0.016	—	—	100.153
10-3	Py	0.713	—	52.769	0.012	0.093	—	—	0.039	—	0.040	46.235	—	0.074	—	0.020	—	0.021	0.003	0.027	100.046
10-4	Py	0.848	—	52.523	—	0.048	0.001	—	0.030	—	0.012	45.932	0.005	0.091	—	—	—	0.007	0.006	0.035	99.538
11-3	Py	0.928	0.062	51.566	—	0.134	0.023	—	0.054	—	0.034	45.769	—	0.085	—	—	0.051	0.011	—	0.048	98.765
21-1	Py	0.010	—	53.095	—	0.352	0.002	—	0.039	—	0.042	46.003	0.022	0.095	—	—	0.033	0.061	0.017	0.006	99.777
31-1	Py	0.017	—	53.437	—	0.045	0.018	0.019	0.111	—	—	46.565	—	0.069	—	—	—	0.014	0.016	0.013	100.324
3-4	Apy	41.307	—	22.467	—	0.025	0.024	—	0.067	—	—	35.648	—	—	—	—	0.350	0.016	—	0.327	100.231
5-1	Apy	39.484	0.040	23.421	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	36.146	0.010	—	—	—	0.557	0.012	—	0.027	99.697
5-3	Apy	40.065	0.115	22.722	—	0.119	0.010	—	—	—	0.013	36.100	0.034	—	—	0.003	0.042	0.020	—	—	99.243
10-4	Apy	42.373	—	22.559	—	0.122	0.010	—	0.031	0.029	—	35.499	0.026	0.068	—	—	—	—	—	0.023	100.740
31-1	Apy	43.610	0.093	21.604	—	0.055	0.021	—	—	0.017	—	35.633	0.065	0.065	—	0.023	0.004	0.003	—	0.024	101.217
14-2	Apy	40.798	0.069	22.586	—	0.112	—	—	—	—	0.013	35.735	—	0.056	—	—	0.020	—	—	0.025	99.414
7-2	Ccp	0.007	—	35.414	—	0.079	0.010	—	0.097	0.012	0.041	30.330	—	0.042	—	0.008	—	34.111	0.007	0.043	100.201
7-4	Ccp	—	0.040	34.923	0.017	0.127	0.007	—	0.050	—	0.008	29.901	0.037	0.030	—	—	0.005	33.332	—	0.065	98.542
8-4	Ccp	0.014	0.030	35.202	—	0.082	0.003	0.023	0.084	—	—	29.934	0.007	0.055	—	—	—	34.174	—	0.083	99.691
18-2	Ccp	0.047	0.025	35.068	0.024	0.037	0.054	—	0.028	0.015	—	30.404	0.006	0.038	—	—	—	33.993	—	0.048	99.787
18-3	Ccp	0.007	—	34.909	—	0.136	0.018	—	0.065	—	—	30.155	0.002	0.061	—	—	0.021	33.757	—	0.039	99.170
22-1	Ccp	0.004	—	34.719	—	0.046	—	—	0.021	—	—	30.297	0.003	0.057	—	0.012	0.004	33.684	—	0.112	98.959
31	Ccp	—	0.015	34.813	—	0.148	0.014	—	—	—	—	30.456	—	0.052	—	—	—	33.856	—	0.011	99.365
32-1	Ccp	—	0.039	35.141	—	0.109	—	0.004	0.062	—	0.050	30.303	0.029	0.045	0.023	0.003	0.040	34.081	—	0.076	100.005
22-1	Ttr	0.345	—	24.658	—	0.114	4.055	—	0.035	0.008	0.067	3.858	—	—	0.043	0.005	28.067	35.483	—	3.342	100.080
32-1	Ttr	0.252	0.114	24.963	0.003	0.017	6.933	—	0.037	0.002	0.024	3.881	—	0.029	—	—	27.885	33.480	—	3.366	100.986
1-3	Fbt	0.294	—	23.415	—	—	19.557	—	—	—	—	4.165	—	—	—	—	26.225	23.600	—	2.566	99.822
2-3	Fbt	0.232	—	23.289	—	—	19.808	—	0.111	—	0.191	4.330	—	—	—	—	25.686	23.849	—	2.326	99.822
2-3	Fbt	0.34	0.067	23.485	0.009	0.081	19.375	—	0.019	—	0.174	4.411	—	—	—	0.007	26.458	23.895	—	2.286	100.607
5-2	Fbt	0.27	0.005	22.979	0.006	0.054	21.461	—	—	—	0.247	3.678	—	—	—	—	26.167	22.402	—	3.017	100.286
8-4	Fbt	0.314	0.102	24.093	—	0.041	15.340	0.035	0.062	0.010	—	4.651	—	0.020	—	—	26.460	27.071	—	2.202	100.401
11-4	Fbt	0.261	0.053	24.121	0.006	0.002	15.592	0.048	0.015	—	—	4.457	—	—	—	—	27.191	27.196	—	2.418	101.360
18-3	Fbt	0.208	0.059	24.013	—	0.046	12.557	0.005	0.037	0.004	—	4.696	—	0.003	—	—	27.053	29.351	—	3.435	101.467
18-3	Fbt	0.249	—	24.314	—	0.055	12.015	—	0.025	0.001	—	4.322	—	—	—	0.026	27.363	29.914	—	3.425	101.709
21-1	Fbt	0.544	0.069	24.228	—	0.028	12.808	0.019	0.143	—	—	4.140	—	—	—	—	26.794	28.896	—	2.755	100.424
24-1	Fbt	0.114	0.094	22.765	0.055	0.078	27.015	—	—	0.013	—	6.259	—	0.028	—	0.006	26.564	18.975	—	—	101.966
28-1	Fbt	0.171	—	23.050	0.027	—	22.595	—	—	0.004	—	4.609	—	0.037	—	—	26.380	21.881	—	1.997	100.751
13-1	Fbt	0.210	—	23.858	—	0.097	17.547	—	—	0.011	—	4.632	—	0.005	—	0.014	26.962	25.832	—	2.289	101.457
14-2	Fbt	0.212	0.072	23.447	—	0.080	21.079	—	—	0.019	—	4.742	—	0.027	—	—	26.926	22.981	—	1.949	101.534
15-4	Fbt	0.217	0.086	22.953	—	0.224	22.193	0.008	—	—	—	4.157	—	—	—	—	25.959	21.710	—	2.365	99.872
2-1	Blr	—	—	18.651	—	54.937	—	—	0.233	—	0.019	—	—	—	—	—	24.586	0.021	—	0.007	98.454
2-3	Blr	—	—	18.957	—	54.738	0.011	—	0.148	—	0.060	0.093	—	—	—	0.024	24.425	0.023	—	3.535	102.014
3-1	Blr	0.017	—	18.217	0.006	54.141	—	—	0.088	—	0.046	—	—	—	—	0.047	24.083	—	—	—	96.645
3-2	Blr	—	—	18.864	—	54.500	—	—	0.179	—	0.044	0.041	—	—	—	—	24.463	0.020	—	0.018	98.129
4-1	Blr	0.003	—	18.602	0.01	53.979	—	—	0.188	—	0.052	0.014	—	—	—	0.005	24.512	0.017	—	—	97.382
4-2	Blr	—	0.016	18.972	—	55.026	—	—	0.206	—	0.126	0.017	—	—	—	—	25.148	0.004	—	0.013	99.528
6-3-1	Blr	—	—	19.096	—	54.167	—	—	0.111	—	—	0.488	—	—	—	—	24.960	—	—	—	98.822
6-3	Blr	0.007	—	18.938	0.008	55.070	0.072	—	0.220	—	0.033	0.012	—	—	—	0.024	25.064	—	—	—	99.448
7-2	Blr	—	—	18.855	0.048	55.871	—	—	0.240	0.009	0.115	0.046	—	—	0.127	0.010	25.383	0.041	—	—	100.745
7-3	Blr	—	—	18.689	—	55.577	—	—	0.152	—	0.060	—	—	—	0.090	0.015	26.127	0.014	—	0.024	100.748
7-4	Blr	—	—	18.702	—	54.469	—	—	0.186	—	0.037	0.011	—	—	0.076	0.007	24.850	—	—	0.034	98.372
8-4	Blr	—	—	19.000	0.021	54.615	0.005	—	0.082	0.013	0.016	0.035	—	—	0.179	0.026	25.020	0.022	—	0.032	99.066
23-1	Blr	—	—	18.990	—	55.951	—	—	0.300	—	0.034	0.025	—	—	0.083	—	25.535	0.797	—	0.027	101.742
33-1	Blr	—	—	18.829	—	54.852	0.020	—	0.118	—	0.091	0.008	—	—	0.063	0.013	25.070	—	—	0.031	99.095
13-1	Blr	—	0.114	18.992	—	54.801	0.016	—	0.222	—	0.124	0.041	—	0.006	0.076	0.010	25.109	—	—	0.103	99.614
13-5	Blr	—	—	18.935	0.045	54.611	—	0.002	0.181	0.006	0.025	0.051	—	0.003	0.057	0.034	25.303	—	—	0.032	99.285
8-2	Jmt	—	—	21.913	0.054	40.001	—	—	0.247	0.109	0.023	2.639	—	0.021	0.171	0.003	34.138	0.023	—	0.051	99.393
8-3	Jmt	—	—	21.879	0.048	39.733	—	—	0.214	0.054	0.054	2.677	—	—	0.143	—	34.363	0.003	—	0.050	99.218
8-1-1	Jmt	—	—	22.019	—	38.441	—	0.002	0.115	0.142	0.111	2.619	—	0.019	0.124	0.006	33.733	0.005	—	—	97.336
8-1	Jmt	—	—	21.90	0.015	39.601	—	0.005	0.133	0.072	0.135	2.637	—	—	0.143	0.043	34.229	—	—	0.001	98.914
10-3	Jmt	0.002	—	21.757	0.013	39.076	0.101	—	0.143	0.097	0.094	2.652	—	—	0.176	—	35.713	0.071	—	0.042	99.937
10-4	Jmt	0.019	—	22.207	—	38.996	0.130	—	0.210	0.133	0.079	2.66	—	0.002	0.148	0.004	35.506	0.063	—	—	100.160
11-4	Jmt	—	—	21.972	0.023	39.342	—	0.020	0.187	0.062	0.105	2.715	0.007	—	0.198	0.005	34.933	0.017	—	0.006	99.592
11-3	Jmt	—	—	21.941	0.031	39.909	—	0.028	0.198	0.095	0.088	2.580	—	0.008	0.103	0.019	34.599	—	—	0.049	99.648
35-3	Jmt	—	—	21.983	—	39.380	0.268	0.012	0.126	0.028	0.082	2.660	—	0.007	0.177	0.024	35.835	0.034	—	0.076	100.690
13-1	Jmt	—	—	21.917	0.039	39.913	—	—	0.138	0.058	0.105	2.659	—	0.021	0.151	0.007	34.495	—	—	0.004	99.507
13-5	Jmt	0.004	—	21.881	—	39.654	—	0.029	0.113	0.040	0.089	2.748	—	—	0.168	0.002	34.543	0.017	—	—	99.288
3-1	Bnn	0.125	—	19.828	—	42.527	0.004	—	0.259	—	0.060	0.027	—	—	—	0.001	24.339	13.046	—	0.046	100.262
5-2	Bnn	0.124	—	19.225	—	41.070	0.010	—	0.109	—	0.020	0.182	—	—	—	0.018	23.716	13.262	—	0.116	97.852
1-1	Bnn	—	—	20.042	—	42.061	—	—	0.093	—	—	—	—	0.013	—	—	23.932	13.533	—	0.066	99.740
1-3	Bnn	0.049	—	19.905	—	41.608	—	—	0.226	—	—	0.040	—	0.009	—	0.014	23.965	13.241	—	0.014	99.071
18-2	Bnn	0.058	—	19.715	—	41.791	—	—	0.301	0.004	0.044	0.043	—	—	0.033	0.018	23.673	13.303	—	0.003	98.986
18-2-1	Bnn	—	—	20.030	0.046	42.235	—	0.015	0.500	0.006	0.068	0.039	—	—	0.003	—	24.212	13.150	—	0.599	100.903
21-1	Bnn	0.015	—	19.991	—	41.646	0.006	0.032	0.160	—	0.045	0.008	—	0.001	0.089	—	24.540	13.409	—	0.003	99.945
22-1	Bnn	0.036	—	19.922	0.025	41.942	—	—	0.196	0.001	0.097	0.002	—	—	0.079	0.005	24.008	13.276	—	0.062	99.651
23-1	Bnn	0.070	—	19.945	0.012	42.335	0.006	0.007	0.142	—	0.026	0.007	—	—	0.081	—	24.409	13.235	—	0.111	100.386
23-1-1	Bnn	—	—	19.956	—	42.890	0.008	0.008	0.162	—	0.066	0.023	—	0.021	0.096	0.008	24.098	12.373	—	0.039	99.748
24-1	Bnn	0.097	—	20.036	—	41.541	—	—	0.249	—	0.033	—	—	0.003	0.075	0.011	24.305	13.444	—	0.006	99.800
27-1	Bnn	0.077	0.022	19.949	—	42.112	—	0.017	0.311	—	0.074	0.014	—	0.004	0.107	0.022	24.421	13.298	—	0.048	100.476
27-1-1	Bnn	—	—	19.934	—	42.808	0.012	—	0.422	—	0.135	—	—	—	0.091	—	24.214	13.337	—	0.029	100.982
27	Bnn	—	—	19.830	—	42.547	—	0.016	0.422	0.018	0.041	—	—	—	0.044	—	23.771	13.284	—	0.038	100.011
28-1	Bnn	0.116	—	20.034	—	42.004	—	—	0.114	0.013	0.060	0.033	—	—	0.072	0.038	24.252	13.375	—	0.028	100.139
32-1	Bnn	—	—	20.188	—	41.955	—	—	0.177	0.002	0.124	0.002	—	0.008	0.051	—	24.094	13.249	—	—	99.850
32-2	Bnn	0.057	—	19.830	—	42.433	—	—	0.383	0.001	0.091	0.030	—	0.012	0.104	0.040	24.200	13.347	—	0.024	100.552
15-4	Bnn	0.004	—	19.799	0.002	42.672	—	—	0.144	0.002	0.057	0.004	—	—	0.074	—	24.062	13.286	—	—	100.106
36-4	Stb	0.244	—	28.406	—	0.412	0.011	0.037	—	—	0.235	0.015	—	—	0.319	0.029	70.217	0.032	—	0.034	99.991
36-4-1	Stb	0.213	0.036	28.400	0.095	0.102	—	0.023	0.079	—	0.229	—	0.015	—	0.296	—	70.179	0.031	—	—	99.698
36-3	Stb	0.242	0.045	28.429	—	0.125	—	—	—	—	0.238	—	—	—	0.363	—	70.202	0.039	—	0.026	99.709
36-3	Stb	0.251	—	28.534	—	0.186	0.013	—	—	—	0.184	0.001	—	—	0.292	—	70.353	0.078	—	—	99.892

Note: the elemental content unit is %. Sp = sphalerite; Gn = galena; Py = pyrite; Apy = arsenopyrite; Ccp = chalcopyrite; Ttr = tetrahedrite; Fbt = freibergite; Blr = boulangerite; Jmt = Jamesonite; Bnn = bournonite; Stb = stibnite.