Research Article

Discrete Element Analysis for Hydraulic Fracture Propagations in Laminated Reservoirs with Complex Initial Joint Properties

Figure 16

Fracture geometry observed in previous hydraulic fracturing experiments ((a), (b), (c), and (d) refer to Tan et al. and Hou et al. [14, 46]; (e) is modified from Suarez-Rivera et al. [47]).
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)