Surface to Groundwater Interactions beneath the City of Berlin: Results from 3D Models

Figure 6

Model results pressure. (a) Pressure distribution at the model top for the reference model (M1). Change from positive to negative pressure indicated by the black contour line. (b) Pressure distribution for M1 at -50 m.a.s.l. (c) Pressure difference between M2 and M1 at -50 m.a.s.l.; zoom-in shows pressure differences at the Lake Tegel site. (d) Pressure differences between M3 and M2 at -50 m.a.s.l., zoom-ins: (left) River Spree and Havel site, (right) Mühlenfließ; 1: outlet of Lake Stienitz. (e) Distribution of pressure differences between the different model scenarios depicting the relative influence of rivers, lakes, and rivers + lakes combined (minimum difference of ±0.01 bar). (f) Distribution of significant pressure differences over depth between the different model scenarios (chosen threshold is ±0.01 bar). Coordinates are in Gauß-Krüger DHDN Zone 4.

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