Degassing and Cycling of Mercury at Nisyros Volcano (Greece)

Table 2

Analytical composition of soils and soil gases at the Lakki caldera.

Site	E	N	Hg (μg/g)	N (%)	C (%)	S (%)	pH	H2S (%)	CH4 (%)	CO2 (%)	(°C @ 20 cm)
1	518465	4049840	0.023	n.d.	n.d.	0.014	7.30	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
Mandraki	512418	4051816	0.039	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
2	515026	4047948	0.18	n.d.	n.d.	1.319	4.60	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
3	515008	4047754	0.40	n.d.	n.d.	0.728	5.20	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
4	514836	4047603	0.58	n.d.	n.d.	0.723	4.74	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
5	514702	4047912	0.40	n.d.	n.d.	0.524	4.70	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
6	514617	4048285	0.40	n.d.	n.d.	0.392	5.55	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
7	514608	4048481	0.37	n.d.	n.d.	0.306	4.95	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
8	514541	4048566	0.49	n.d.	n.d.	0.786	4.86	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
9	514659	4048676	0.54	n.d.	n.d.	0.451	4.21	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
10	514830	4048652	0.14	n.d.	n.d.	1.049	4.80	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
11	514861	4048610	0.21	n.d.	n.d.	1.115	5.02	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
12	514979	4048382	0.18	n.d.	n.d.	0.575	5.16	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
13	515081	4048259	0.15	n.d.	n.d.	1.155	4.92	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
14	515130	4048399	0.25	n.d.	n.d.	0.741	5.31	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
15	515210	4048719	0.21	n.d.	n.d.	0.764	5.48	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
16	515402	4048152	0.36	n.d.	n.d.	0.666	4.87	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
17	515296	4048377	0.64	n.d.	n.d.	0.426	5.04	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
N-St-1	514990	4048141	0.28	n.d.	n.d.	9.215	2.42	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
N-St-3	515020	4048123	0.39	n.d.	n.d.	1.643	2.66	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
N-St-5	515050	4048108	1.57	n.d.	n.d.	7.278	2.70	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
N-St-7	515096	4048083	1.28	n.d.	n.d.	8.566	2.58	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
N-St-9	515156	4048052	0.42	n.d.	n.d.	6.960	2.07	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
N-St-10	515131	4048186	0.29	n.d.	n.d.	3.988	2.31	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
N-St-11	515119	4048163	0.25	n.d.	n.d.	2.415	2.97	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
N-St-13	515092	4048121	1.25	n.d.	n.d.	4.263	3.04	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
N-St-15	515048	4048049	1.77	n.d.	n.d.	6.231	2.71	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
N-St-17	515032	4048046	1.25	n.d.	n.d.	9.823	2.65	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
N-St-19	515015	4047998	0.81	n.d.	n.d.	17.844	1.92	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
N-St-21	514998	4047968	0.31	n.d.	n.d.	7.576	2.63	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
N-St-23	515115	4048009	0.39	n.d.	n.d.	11.536	2.00	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
N-St-24	515160	4048086	0.61	n.d.	n.d.	10.849	2.13	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
N-St-27	515021	4048167	0.20	n.d.	n.d.	6.597	2.12	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
N-St-28	514958	4048098	0.31	n.d.	n.d.	4.751	2.05	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
023 A	514689	4048508	1.59	0.053	0.800	8.447	1.87	10.28	0.092	47.35	n.m.
024 A	514677	4048516	0.72	0.024	0.261	0.869	2.79	17.75	0.15	75.27	n.m.
025 A	514663	4048529	1.78	0.021	0.421	2.569	1.96	14.93	0.13	64.31	n.m.
026 A	514652	4048510	0.15	0.018	0.060	0.779	2.98	7.63	0.083	45.21	n.m.
027 A	514667	4048507	0.23	0.027	0.103	1.632	2.92	10.20	0.11	53.84	n.m.
028 A	514695	4048526	0.21	0.035	0.097	8.916	1.14	6.82	0.067	35.73	n.m.
029 A	514706	4048510	0.71	0.011	0.070	3.492	2.77	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
030 A	514661	4048504	0.34	0.013	0.328	1.245	2.60	17.83	0.15	75.22	n.m.
031 A	514644	4048505	1.48	0.009	0.074	6.968	2.02	7.01	0.073	38.55	n.m.
032 A	514635	4048488	0.33	0.013	0.095	1.986	2.99	5.67	0.071	36.07	n.m.
033 A	514643	4048490	3.44	0.007	0.198	16.260	1.30	10.06	0.10	56.13	n.m.
034 A	514621	4048490	0.41	0.019	0.070	2.536	2.96	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
035 A	515124	4048615	0.81	0.020	0.443	24.468	1.05	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
036 A	515148	4048631	0.46	0.065	0.424	1.057	2.58	bdl	0.04	9.26	n.m.
037 A	515157	4048651	1.09	0.009	0.159	0.915	2.73	0.005	0.011	5.80	n.m.
039 A	515475	4048182	0.34	0.022	0.367	0.783	4.15	bdl	0.0002	2.27	n.m.
040 A	515500	4048166	0.68	0.040	0.693	1.045	3.15	bdl	0.0004	8.99	n.m.
041 A	515510	4048159	5.03	0.016	0.418	2.593	1.39	0.66	0.48	26.32	n.m.
042 A	515535	4048127	0.76	0.032	0.388	33.506	1.92	0.19	0.24	13.25	n.m.
043 A	515553	4048105	0.54	0.021	0.228	1.973	3.35	0.012	0.0019	13.50	n.m.
044 A	515554	4048112	0.33	0.079	0.974	2.424	3.73	bdl	0.0005	1.60	n.m.
045 A	515394	4048180	0.62	0.019	0.434	4.352	2.79	0.013	0.14	13.10	n.m.
047 A	515465	4048096	0.19	0.035	0.587	0.254	4.80	bdl	0.0005	7.66	n.m.
048 A	515409	4048079	0.11	0.010	0.255	1.322	2.88	0.016	0.11	8.36	n.m.
049 A	515414	4048050	0.79	0.020	0.961	2.672	1.87	bdl	0.49	30.67	n.m.
050 A	515418	4048013	0.61	0.022	0.935	2.159	1.64	2.15	0.90	43.68	n.m.
051 A	515432	4048003	0.32	0.011	0.151	1.512	3.32	bdl	0.22	27.23	n.m.
053 A	515482	4047984	1.05	0.016	0.259	3.954	3.28	0.022	0.25	25.17	n.m.
054 A	515512	4047995	0.15	0.021	0.220	0.933	3.27	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
186 A	515546	4048080	1.22	0.023	0.243	4.280	3.45	0.10	0.30	25.24	n.m.
189 A	515530	4047998	0.14	0.027	0.173	1.238	3.41	bdl	0.0015	5.25	n.m.
212 A	515204	4048707	0.37	0.093	1.777	1.018	3.77	bdl	0.0003	3.36	n.m.
239 A	514958	4048062	0.20	0.009	0.164	40.328	1.33	0.19	0.023	2.80	n.m.
240 A	514990	4048077	0.31	0.006	0.107	4.842	2.48	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
241 A	515032	4048070	0.81	0.022	0.382	5.690	1.25	17.12	0.68	72.01	n.m.
242 A	515024	4048127	0.23	0.021	0.081	1.653	3.47	0.10	0.028	7.30	n.m.
244 A	515088	4048170	0.39	0.024	0.194	1.497	3.17	0.015	0.052	13.83	n.m.
247 A	515100	4048146	0.34	0.034	0.451	1.752	2.80	0.006	0.0008	9.53	n.m.
248 A	515122	4048111	0.41	0.014	0.178	3.216	2.23	1.67	0.16	20.21	n.m.
249 A	515107	4048092	0.21	0.032	0.782	5.172	2.00	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.m.
251 A	515081	4048103	1.44	0.059	0.637	4.563	2.73	bdl	0.0005	9.50	n.m.
254 A	515013	4048047	0.82	0.046	1.047	3.610	1.59	13.75	0.58	61.71	n.m.
255 A	515039	4048033	0.63	0.051	0.780	56.276	2.22	14.97	0.70	68.74	n.m.
256 A	515020	4047981	0.58	0.013	0.252	2.399	1.55	0.087	0.052	6.46	n.m.
257 A	514986	4047992	0.58	0.024	0.728	2.908	1.68	1.79	0.26	29.13	n.m.
259 A	515143	4048093	0.48	0.009	0.152	10.040	1.77	6.86	0.22	32.79	n.m.
N301	515310	4048583	0.30	0.058	0.868	0.727	4.35	bdl	0.0002	0.40	27.3
N302	515384	4048514	0.33	0.031	0.596	0.695	4.09	bdl	0.0005	0.86	30.5
N303	515479	4048463	0.70	0.230	2.625	1.521	3.75	0.048	0.0004	1.55	30.5
N304	514864	4048679	0.47	0.006	0.073	1.956	1.66	9.97	0.21	62.78	66.2
N305	514856	4048673	0.33	0.007	0.091	3.981	1.45	12.63	0.21	63.93	100.0
N307	514848	4048677	0.47	0.010	0.118	3.730	1.28	16.84	0.26	74.73	53.5
N308	514851	4048680	0.27	0.009	0.088	3.461	1.22	16.47	0.25	74.90	61.1
N309	515695	4048364	0.41	0.031	0.419	8.140	3.39	0.008	0.077	21.24	32.2
N310	515688	4048334	0.50	0.149	1.875	1.215	3.56	0.11	0.0018	20.25	31.1
N311	515663	4048292	0.15	0.200	2.337	1.172	3.61	0.002	0.0015	8.10	30.9
N312	515658	4048288	0.13	0.030	0.427	2.740	3.15	bdl	0.006	26.14	34.9
N313	515227	4048688	0.17	0.046	0.612	0.407	4.20	bdl	0.0005	0.99	36.7
N314	515207	4048667	0.64	0.022	0.300	2.017	2.65	bdl	Bdl	2.07	33.6
N315	515190	4048650	0.26	0.104	2.265	0.772	3.66	bdl	0.0006	6.09	38.9
N316	515173	4048628	0.21	0.058	1.144	0.953	3.52	bdl	0.001	10.21	44.4
N317	515153	4048604	0.22	0.020	0.563	16.470	1.15	0.025	0.06	12.64	54.0
N318	515134	4048595	0.32	0.028	0.743	5.035	1.50	0.68	0.10	15.61	51.5
N319	515109	4048583	0.17	0.016	0.171	3.427	1.32	0.004	0.044	10.57	45.9
N320	515095	4048585	0.47	0.029	0.801	3.667	1.49	1.15	0.13	20.46	59.4
N321	515092	4048601	0.70	0.007	0.069	1.620	2.34	0.006	0.03	6.39	43.0
N323	515126	4048638	2.15	0.004	0.109	11.050	1.15	11.38	0.46	59.42	69.8
N324	515139	4048658	0.28	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	0.78	bdl	0.67	75.00	53.0
N325	515162	4048676	0.23	0.006	0.125	2.415	1.18	0.19	0.09	13.18	48.0
N326	515174	4048697	1.12	0.008	0.245	2.506	1.34	1.61	0.17	21.95	56.4
N327	515621	4048254	0.15	0.016	0.373	3.286	1.48	8.75	1.26	69.20	59.5
N328	515640	4048269	0.29	0.049	0.358	0.900	2.74	bdl	0.16	15.86	28.3
N329	515590	4048259	0.22	0.127	1.928	1.711	3.60	bdl	0.0005	0.38	30.2
N330	515573	4048248	0.44	0.069	0.847	1.570	3.91	bdl	0.0007	3.30	31.8
N331	515526	4048255	0.19	0.099	0.907	1.025	4.67	bdl	0.0005	0.65	30.0
N332	515484	4048245	0.49	0.041	0.717	1.986	3.38	bdl	0.0006	0.50	29.0
N334	515452	4048158	0.19	0.132	2.133	0.675	3.53	0.002	0.0004	3.50	27.8
N335	515486	4048116	0.24	0.085	2.210	0.455	4.15	0.009	0.0005	6.25	33.5
N336	515510	4048081	13.7	0.055	1.812	14.620	0.75	bdl	0.0005	0.28	25.5
N337	515504	4048034	0.056	0.020	0.400	0.352	3.28	bdl	0.0014	8.66	32.0
N338	515473	4048051	0.10	0.034	0.597	0.308	4.10	bdl	0.0005	7.66	33.9
N339	515476	4048008	0.10	0.033	0.751	0.373	4.16	bdl	0.0003	12.43	32.3
N340	515442	4048027	0.31	0.067	1.680	1.502	3.40	bdl	0.0005	14.50	31.9
N341	515444	4048067	0.25	0.039	0.615	1.095	3.07	bdl	0.0005	6.79	31.9
N342	515431	4048111	0.48	0.010	0.124	0.843	4.08	bdl	0.0004	6.16	34.2
N343	515418	4048135	1.15	0.040	0.409	0.825	3.26	0.066	bdl	6.76	31.2
N344	514870	4047612	0.64	0.012	0.194	2.015	2.61	0.038	0.16	26.36	42.8
N345	514849	4047608	0.49	0.065	0.320	0.501	3.41	0.044	0.077	12.06	51.3
N346	514830	4047587	0.12	0.025	0.605	2.853	0.98	0.33	0.48	39.57	56.8
N347	514847	4047594	0.72	0.010	0.138	2.454	3.37	0.004	0.054	17.16	42.9
N348	514857	4047579	0.36	0.008	0.426	1.658	1.34	0.72	0.28	27.30	56.9
N349	514866	4047588	2.75	0.015	0.953	0.475	2.24	bdl	0.009	8.08	43.4
N350	514841	4047574	0.33	0.012	0.675	2.538	0.85	bdl	0.27	20.88	58.1
N351	514849	4047568	0.64	0.010	0.298	4.228	0.72	1.76	0.69	36.59	62.8
N352	514868	4047562	6.93	0.011	0.665	7.972	0.71	7.16	1.91	74.48	51.7
N353	514881	4047577	9.00	0.009	0.241	1.968	0.80	bdl	0.094	6.63	51.8

Sites 1 and Mandraki are background sites outside the Lakki caldera. n.d. = not determined; n.m. = not measured; bdl = below detection limit (<0.002 for H₂S; <0.0002 for CH₄). Easting (E) and northing (N) are expressed as UTM coordinates WGS84, all sites belonging to sector 35S. Data of S concentrations and pH of samples from 1 to 17 and from N-St-1 to N-St-28 are taken from [24]. Samples collected close to the plants of Table 3.