A Macroscale Hydrogeological Numerical Model of the Suio Hydrothermal System (Central Italy)

Figure 1

(a) Hydrogeological map of the Eastern Aurunci Mts and Roccamonfina volcano modified from [8]. The inset shows the mean temperature at a 3000-meter depth [2]. (b) Detail of the Suio Terme area (the back dashed rectangle in (a)). The numbers refer to the surveyed springs (S) and water wells (W). (c) Geological and hydrogeological section of the Suio area, passing through the A-B cross-section line in (a). Key to the legend: (1) alluvial complex (AC); (2) volcanic complex (VC); (3) sandy-conglomeratic complex (GC); (4) turbidite complex (FC); (5) carbonate complex (CC), the light-blue circles indicate the presence of gas; (6) lower crust or metamorphic rocks (MC); (7) normal faults: (A) certain, (B) inferred; (8) thrust faults: (A) certain, (B) inferred; (9) inferred faults ((c) only): (A) normal and (B) thrust; (10) Caldera nest ((a) only); (11) main springs ((a) only); (12) springs with temperature (A) °C, (B) °C, (C) °C ((b and c) only); (13) linear springs; (14) water wells with temperature (A) °C, (B) °C, (C) °C, (D) °C; (15) groundwater flux (blue arrow) and piezometric line (dashed blue curves). The numbers indicate the groundwater elevation in meters a.s.l. (a and b); (16) groundwater table ((c) only); (17) cold (A) and thermal (B) groundwater fluxes ((c) only); (18) the position of the Gallo well (GW) 85-1 [7] ((a and c) only); and (19) location of the geomechanical stations ((b) only).

(a)

(b)

(c)