Hydrogeochemistry, Geothermometry, and Genesis of the Hot Springs in the Simao Basin in Southwestern China

Table 1

Brief description of the strata in the Simao Basin.

Erathem	System	Series	Group		Thickness (m)	Lithology
			Western Simao Basin	Eastern Simao Basin
Cenozoic	Quaternary	Holocene	Holocene		-	Lacustrine deposit
		Pleistocene	Pleistocene		-
	Neogene	Pliocene	Fudong		60-350	Lacustrine grey clay rock, lignite with conglomerate
		Miocene	Sanhaogou		>1391	Light grey mudstone and sandstone
	Paleogene	Oligocene	Mengla		529-1593	Purple grey conglomerate interbedded with pebbly feldspar sandstone and feldspathic quartz sandstone
		Eocene	Denghei		169-1908	Aubergine calcareous and argillaceous siltstone unequally interbedded with tawny fine sandstone
		Paleocene	Mengyejing		21-1191	Salt-bearing gompholite, halite with thin sylvite and anhydrite in the lower part; variegated gompholite interlayered with thin layers of mudstone and anhydrite in the middle part; red-brown siltstone and mudstone with fine sandstone, marlstone, and grey gypsum in the upper part
Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Upper	Mankuanhe		>3000	Red argillaceous siltstone interbedded with calcareous silty mudstone
		Lower	Bashahe		28-213	Grey quartz sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone in the lower part; red sandstone with siltstone and mudstone in the middle part; grey-purple and grey-purple fine-grained quartz sandstone in the upper part
			Mangang		1381-1961
			Jingxing		304-1328
	Jurassic	Upper	Bazhulu		0-894	Red calcareous mudstone and silty mudstone
		Middle	Hepingxiang		277-2398	Red mudstone and siltstone in the lower part, variegated mudstone in the upper part, and coquina marlstone with karst gompholite and gypsum at the top
		Lower	Zhangkezhai	Yangjiang	63-2039	Red mudstone, silty mudstone with gypsum
	Triassic	Upper	Dapingzhang	Zhama	400-711	Red sandstone and grey limestone and shale in the lower part, black-grey silty mudstone and mudstone in the middle part, and green-yellow volcaniclastic rock and grey siltstone and silty mudstone in the upper part
				Luma	155-750
			Weiyuanjiang	Yiwanshui	240-1350
		Middle	Choushui	Niushang	639-1870	Grey lamellar limestone and yellow siltstone, mudstone, and sandy sericite slate with grey cryptocrystalline limestone
Paleozoic	Permian	Upper	Shifodong		0-1147	Dark grey limestone, mudstone, siltstone, lithic sandstone, and greyish yellow sandshale, siliceous rock, tuff, andesite with coal
			Laogongzhai	Yangbazhai	268-3869
		Lower	Upper Daxinshan	Damingshan	31-1815	Grey limestone, sericite phyllite, killas, lithic sandstone, and basalt
			Lower Daxinshan	Caobashantou	38-2250
	Carboniferous	Upper	Ximenyazi	Absent	89-1541	Carbonate rock
		Middle	Middle		>458	Limestone
		Lower	Manbing		>349	Limestone, mudstone, silty shale, tuff, and feldspar lithic sandstone
	Devonian	Lower	Absent	Longbie	100	Marlstone, diatomite with shale in the lower part; grey quartz sandstone interbedded with shale with siltstone in the middle part; and grey thin layers of marlstone, mudstone, and siltstone in the upper part
				Dazhongzhai	>561
				Luojiang	159
	Silurian	Upper		Upper	-	Siliceous rock and black shale
		Middle		Middle	>1000	Black-grey quartz sandstone and siltstone
		Lower		Lower	551-1156	Greyish green silty slate interbedded with quartz sandstone
	Ordovician				>20000	Clastic rock with limestone
	Cambrian		Wuliangshan		>1544	Quartzite, schist, phyllite, and metasandstone
Proterozoic			Lancang	Ailaoshan	4108-6306	The Ailaoshan group is composed of gneiss, granulite, schist, migmatite, and marble; the Lancang group, of various types of schist, metabasic lava, and banded siderite and magnetite

Note: - indicates that the thickness is unknown. Areas with italic contents indicate that strata are absent (adopted from [17]).