Paleo-Hydrothermal Predecessor to Perennial Spring Activity in Thick Permafrost in the Canadian High Arctic, and Its Relation to Deep Salt Structures: Expedition Fiord, Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut
Table 5
Stable S-O-C analyses of mineral separates from modern spring/paleospring, and 1calculated water δ18O.
Sample
Setting
Mineral phase
Measured (mineral ‰)
Calculated (fluid ‰)
δ34SVCDT
δ18OVSMOW
δ13CVPDB
δ18OH2O
δ18OH2O
δ18OH2O
6°C
150°C
300°C
SF-10
Paleospring
Pyrite
-2.7
-
-
-
-
-
SF-14
Paleospring
Pyrite
1.7
-
-
-
-
-
SF-14
Paleospring
Pyrite
16.4
-
-
-
-
-
SF-15
Paleospring
Pyrite
11.4
-
-
-
-
-
COS1
Modern spring
Pyrite
19.2
-
-
-
-
-
SF-14
Paleospring
Drusy quartz vein infill
-
-3.2
-
-
-18.5
-10.0
SF-14
Paleospring
White massive carbonate infill (cal2)
-
-5.0
-21.9
-
-17.5
-10.6
SF-15
Paleospring
White massive carbonate infill (cal2)
-
-0.3
-20.6
-
-12.8
-5.9
SF-17
Paleospring
White massive carbonate infill (cal2)
-
3.2
-23.8
-
-9.4
-2.4
SF-17b
Paleospring
White massive carbonate infill (cal2)
-
0.8
-8.4
-
-11.7
-4.8
SF-14
Paleospring
Orange massive carbonate infill (cal2)
-
1.5
-22.5
-
-11.0
-4.1
SF-10
Paleospring
Brown bladed carbonate lining (cal1)
-
2.1
-29.5
-
-8.0
-1.6
SF-14
Paleospring
Brown bladed carbonate lining (cal1)
-
2.8
-29.2
-
-7.3
-0.9
SF-14
Paleospring
Brown bladed carbonate lining (cal1)
-
1.4
-31.2
-
-8.7
-2.3
SF-15
Paleospring
Brown bladed carbonate lining (cal1)
-
2.6
-30.4
-
-7.5
-1.1
SF-17
Paleospring
Brown bladed carbonate lining (cal1)
-
3.5
-27.3
-
-6.6
-0.2
COC1
Modern spring
Carbonate from modern spring
-
10.0
-10.6
-22.1
-
-
1Fractionation equations: calcite-H2O [140], aragonite-H2O [141], and quartz-H2O [142].