Rib Spalling 3D Model for Soft Coal Seam Faces with Large Mining Height in Protective Seam Mining: Theoretical and Numerical Analyses

<div>Rib spalling traces of the coal wall.</div>

Geofluids

Figure 4: Rib Spalling 3D Model for Soft Coal Seam Faces with Large Mining Height in Protective Seam Mining: Theoretical and Numerical Analyses 