Deformation Mechanism and Control Technology of Surrounding Rock in the Deep-Buried Large-Span Chamber

<table class="table-group" id="tab6"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="6"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Project name</td><td class="align_center">Uniaxial compressive strength<br/><svg height="12.5703pt" id="M108" style="vertical-align:-3.28197pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 50.6331 12.5703" width="50.6331pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M668 26C646 31 631 35 610 64C593 87 572 122 543 176L484 306C568 331 646 391 646 489C646 553 620 593 575 617C533 644 471 650 409 650H139L131 613C216 609 222 604 206 520L134 135C116 53 101 42 25 37L16 0H331L338 37C261 42 249 54 264 136L291 281H318C352 281 365 267 375 235C392 185 416 130 438 87C471 25 501 -8 656 -8L668 26ZM502 485C502 431 477 379 426 347C395 329 361 323 322 323H298L343 558C347 577 351 587 357 593C368 602 384 605 403 605C454 605 502 575 502 485Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.69,3.132)"><path d="M399 120C363 89 334 79 292 79S154 123 154 256C154 363 199 401 238 401C266 401 298 385 339 349C348 341 354 338 361 338C378 338 404 364 404 393C405 407 401 419 386 429C369 443 336 454 300 454H299C261 454 196 440 130 392C67 345 29 274 29 201C29 92 109 -12 246 -12C307 -12 372 31 418 96L399 120Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,12.545,3.132)"><path d="M823 0V32C771 40 767 43 767 100V293C767 395 719 454 632 454C603 454 576 441 554 426C530 409 507 394 482 376C464 421 424 454 368 454C339 454 312 442 281 422C259 409 240 395 218 379V456C157 439 89 425 42 418V389C89 382 93 373 93 315V105C93 42 88 39 30 32V0H265V32C227 38 220 43 220 100V344C248 366 273 376 297 376C334 376 366 354 366 282V100C366 41 362 38 315 32V0H546V32C501 38 494 43 494 100V302C494 317 493 331 492 342C524 369 549 376 569 376C601 376 639 359 639 277V105C639 42 632 38 588 32V0H823Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,20.743,0)"><path d="M368 703H309L44 -163H104L368 703Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,26.104,0)"><path d="M861 0V28C774 35 771 41 768 147L759 509C756 612 762 614 851 622V650H681L449 149L221 650H57V622C148 613 153 609 144 479L130 271C123 166 117 123 111 88C104 46 85 34 26 28V0H259V28C192 35 169 42 167 90C166 130 166 173 170 256L185 541H187L411 7H431L675 555H679L683 147C683 41 680 35 598 28V0H861Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,37.687,0)"><path d="M46 650V622C120 617 128 613 128 525V125C128 42 120 34 40 28V0H311V28C221 34 212 39 212 124V281L286 262C297 261 316 261 331 263C429 275 526 338 526 468C526 533 501 579 462 609C422 638 364 650 293 650H46ZM212 559C212 588 215 600 223 606C230 613 251 618 279 618C361 618 430 572 430 464C430 337 350 302 285 302C252 302 225 309 212 314V559Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.719,0)"><path d="M433 39L423 65C413 59 399 54 387 54C370 54 352 69 352 114V299C352 352 342 392 307 422C285 440 255 449 225 449C168 437 102 399 75 379C56 365 44 353 44 339C44 315 69 296 87 296C101 296 111 303 116 319C124 349 133 371 145 385C156 397 171 404 190 404C241 404 275 364 275 291V274C253 256 180 229 120 209C65 190 39 159 39 110C39 47 88 -12 159 -12C189 -12 237 25 277 52C282 35 288 21 301 8C312 -3 333 -12 348 -12L433 39ZM275 84C256 65 221 48 195 48C164 48 124 73 124 124C124 161 146 180 185 198C206 208 254 229 275 240V84Z"></path></g></svg></td><td class="align_center">Uniaxial tensile strength<br/><svg height="12.5703pt" id="M109" style="vertical-align:-3.28197pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 52.3412 12.5703" width="52.3412pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M668 26C646 31 631 35 610 64C593 87 572 122 543 176L484 306C568 331 646 391 646 489C646 553 620 593 575 617C533 644 471 650 409 650H139L131 613C216 609 222 604 206 520L134 135C116 53 101 42 25 37L16 0H331L338 37C261 42 249 54 264 136L291 281H318C352 281 365 267 375 235C392 185 416 130 438 87C471 25 501 -8 656 -8L668 26ZM502 485C502 431 477 379 426 347C395 329 361 323 322 323H298L343 558C347 577 351 587 357 593C368 602 384 605 403 605C454 605 502 575 502 485Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.69,3.132)"><path d="M329 37L319 72C301 64 285 60 268 60C248 60 212 69 212 147V394H304C320 402 321 431 310 442H212V586L198 593L84 515V442H44L16 406L21 394H84V114C84 24 130 -12 207 -12C214 -12 230 -8 247 -1L329 37Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,11.787,3.132)"><path d="M823 0V32C771 40 767 43 767 100V293C767 395 719 454 632 454C603 454 576 441 554 426C530 409 507 394 482 376C464 421 424 454 368 454C339 454 312 442 281 422C259 409 240 395 218 379V456C157 439 89 425 42 418V389C89 382 93 373 93 315V105C93 42 88 39 30 32V0H265V32C227 38 220 43 220 100V344C248 366 273 376 297 376C334 376 366 354 366 282V100C366 41 362 38 315 32V0H546V32C501 38 494 43 494 100V302C494 317 493 331 492 342C524 369 549 376 569 376C601 376 639 359 639 277V105C639 42 632 38 588 32V0H823Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,19.985,0)"><path d="M368 703H309L44 -163H104L368 703Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,25.346,0)"><path d="M861 0V28C774 35 771 41 768 147L759 509C756 612 762 614 851 622V650H681L449 149L221 650H57V622C148 613 153 609 144 479L130 271C123 166 117 123 111 88C104 46 85 34 26 28V0H259V28C192 35 169 42 167 90C166 130 166 173 170 256L185 541H187L411 7H431L675 555H679L683 147C683 41 680 35 598 28V0H861Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,36.929,0)"><path d="M46 650V622C120 617 128 613 128 525V125C128 42 120 34 40 28V0H311V28C221 34 212 39 212 124V281L286 262C297 261 316 261 331 263C429 275 526 338 526 468C526 533 501 579 462 609C422 638 364 650 293 650H46ZM212 559C212 588 215 600 223 606C230 613 251 618 279 618C361 618 430 572 430 464C430 337 350 302 285 302C252 302 225 309 212 314V559Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,43.139,0)"><path d="M673 0V28C608 34 594 43 563 129C499 303 432 494 370 665L339 656L132 132C98 43 84 37 20 28V0H238V28C162 35 154 45 175 108C188 150 203 192 219 237H432C454 176 474 122 487 83S491 36 428 28V0H673ZM418 280H234C265 362 296 450 328 535H330L418 280Z"></path></g></svg></td><td class="align_center">Deformation modulus<br/><svg height="12.4698pt" id="M110" style="vertical-align:-3.18147pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 43.5451 12.4698" width="43.5451pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M593 650H142L136 622C219 616 224 611 209 531L130 120C114 39 108 34 23 28L17 0H501C518 32 557 130 568 158L540 169C519 132 495 93 469 70C439 43 409 35 332 35C272 35 241 37 225 50C211 61 211 89 222 149L253 320H350C441 320 443 312 441 239H471L510 434H481C455 366 448 358 360 358H260L303 572C311 613 312 615 348 615H431C509 615 522 603 532 581C544 555 546 531 545 491L574 493C583 555 592 631 593 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.943,3.132)"><path d="M797 0V26C739 32 732 36 732 103V296C732 394 682 449 605 449C576 449 550 437 529 423C504 407 475 389 446 366C425 418 382 449 334 449C303 449 279 437 253 421C222 403 201 385 180 371V452C135 432 85 419 41 411V388C99 379 102 374 102 310V103C102 38 93 32 27 26V0H238V26C189 32 180 38 180 103V338C210 363 250 390 289 390C351 390 377 348 377 275V103C377 37 368 32 306 26V0H520V26C465 32 456 38 456 101V296C456 314 455 326 453 338C491 369 529 390 565 390C628 390 653 345 653 274V107C653 36 642 32 583 26V0H797Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,15.922,0)"><path d="M368 703H309L44 -163H104L368 703Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.283,0)"><path d="M692 302H438V274C537 267 543 260 543 188V103C543 61 531 48 511 37C489 26 458 20 424 20C231 20 146 188 146 333C146 517 258 630 411 630C507 630 582 597 606 474L634 480C627 546 622 601 619 636C586 643 510 665 426 665C230 665 44 552 44 321C44 122 191 -15 411 -15C491 -15 573 7 635 21C629 49 628 81 628 116V202C628 261 632 266 692 274V302Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,30.578,0)"><path d="M46 650V622C120 617 128 613 128 525V125C128 42 120 34 40 28V0H311V28C221 34 212 39 212 124V281L286 262C297 261 316 261 331 263C429 275 526 338 526 468C526 533 501 579 462 609C422 638 364 650 293 650H46ZM212 559C212 588 215 600 223 606C230 613 251 618 279 618C361 618 430 572 430 464C430 337 350 302 285 302C252 302 225 309 212 314V559Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,37.61,0)"><path d="M433 39L423 65C413 59 399 54 387 54C370 54 352 69 352 114V299C352 352 342 392 307 422C285 440 255 449 225 449C168 437 102 399 75 379C56 365 44 353 44 339C44 315 69 296 87 296C101 296 111 303 116 319C124 349 133 371 145 385C156 397 171 404 190 404C241 404 275 364 275 291V274C253 256 180 229 120 209C65 190 39 159 39 110C39 47 88 -12 159 -12C189 -12 237 25 277 52C282 35 288 21 301 8C312 -3 333 -12 348 -12L433 39ZM275 84C256 65 221 48 195 48C164 48 124 73 124 124C124 161 146 180 185 198C206 208 254 229 275 240V84Z"></path></g></svg></td><td class="align_center">Cohesion<br/><svg height="12.4698pt" id="M111" style="vertical-align:-3.18147pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 46.5202 12.4698" width="46.5202pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M645 631C614 643 545 666 457 666C215 666 23 519 23 283C23 90 158 -16 337 -16C412 -16 489 2 522 10C543 39 590 127 606 167L580 181C519 89 459 18 348 18C201 18 122 136 122 287C122 464 244 632 435 632C544 632 602 595 608 472L639 475C643 526 645 581 645 631Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.619,3.132)"><path d="M797 0V26C739 32 732 36 732 103V296C732 394 682 449 605 449C576 449 550 437 529 423C504 407 475 389 446 366C425 418 382 449 334 449C303 449 279 437 253 421C222 403 201 385 180 371V452C135 432 85 419 41 411V388C99 379 102 374 102 310V103C102 38 93 32 27 26V0H238V26C189 32 180 38 180 103V338C210 363 250 390 289 390C351 390 377 348 377 275V103C377 37 368 32 306 26V0H520V26C465 32 456 38 456 101V296C456 314 455 326 453 338C491 369 529 390 565 390C628 390 653 345 653 274V107C653 36 642 32 583 26V0H797Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,16.598,0)"><path d="M368 703H309L44 -163H104L368 703Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.959,0)"><path d="M861 0V28C774 35 771 41 768 147L759 509C756 612 762 614 851 622V650H681L449 149L221 650H57V622C148 613 153 609 144 479L130 271C123 166 117 123 111 88C104 46 85 34 26 28V0H259V28C192 35 169 42 167 90C166 130 166 173 170 256L185 541H187L411 7H431L675 555H679L683 147C683 41 680 35 598 28V0H861Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,33.542,0)"><path d="M46 650V622C120 617 128 613 128 525V125C128 42 120 34 40 28V0H311V28C221 34 212 39 212 124V281L286 262C297 261 316 261 331 263C429 275 526 338 526 468C526 533 501 579 462 609C422 638 364 650 293 650H46ZM212 559C212 588 215 600 223 606C230 613 251 618 279 618C361 618 430 572 430 464C430 337 350 302 285 302C252 302 225 309 212 314V559Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,40.574,0)"><path d="M433 39L423 65C413 59 399 54 387 54C370 54 352 69 352 114V299C352 352 342 392 307 422C285 440 255 449 225 449C168 437 102 399 75 379C56 365 44 353 44 339C44 315 69 296 87 296C101 296 111 303 116 319C124 349 133 371 145 385C156 397 171 404 190 404C241 404 275 364 275 291V274C253 256 180 229 120 209C65 190 39 159 39 110C39 47 88 -12 159 -12C189 -12 237 25 277 52C282 35 288 21 301 8C312 -3 333 -12 348 -12L433 39ZM275 84C256 65 221 48 195 48C164 48 124 73 124 124C124 161 146 180 185 198C206 208 254 229 275 240V84Z"></path></g></svg></td><td class="align_center">Friction angle<br/><svg height="14.2262pt" id="M112" style="vertical-align:-3.429501pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.7967 33.7673 14.2262" width="33.7673pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M559 271C559 395 493 448 433 448C370 448 304 394 275 297C259 245 235 121 219 37C157 54 113 110 113 201C113 310 180 386 276 429L265 457C131 410 23 326 23 186C23 83 86 5 211 -10C180 -159 167 -220 158 -252L165 -261C198 -255 236 -246 251 -218L287 -5C421 9 559 119 559 271ZM484 273C484 144 400 40 293 33L352 331C364 389 382 406 405 406C431 406 484 370 484 273Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.241,3.132)"><path d="M797 0V26C739 32 732 36 732 103V296C732 394 682 449 605 449C576 449 550 437 529 423C504 407 475 389 446 366C425 418 382 449 334 449C303 449 279 437 253 421C222 403 201 385 180 371V452C135 432 85 419 41 411V388C99 379 102 374 102 310V103C102 38 93 32 27 26V0H238V26C189 32 180 38 180 103V338C210 363 250 390 289 390C351 390 377 348 377 275V103C377 37 368 32 306 26V0H520V26C465 32 456 38 456 101V296C456 314 455 326 453 338C491 369 529 390 565 390C628 390 653 345 653 274V107C653 36 642 32 583 26V0H797Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,15.22,0)"><path d="M368 703H309L44 -163H104L368 703Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,20.581,0)"><path d="M300 -147C201 -63 143 98 143 270S200 602 300 686L282 710C136 610 70 450 70 271V270C70 89 136 -72 282 -170L300 -147Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,25.079,-5.741)"><path d="M339 262C339 340 273 403 193 403S48 340 48 262S113 121 193 121S339 184 339 262ZM283 262C283 210 242 168 193 168S104 210 104 262S144 356 193 356S283 314 283 262Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.094,0)"><path d="M275 270C275 450 212 609 64 710L45 686C145 604 203 442 203 270S147 -63 45 -147L64 -170C213 -68 275 89 275 270Z"></path></g></svg></td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="6"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">MPC</td><td class="align_center">8.57</td><td class="align_center">2.36</td><td class="align_center">2.23</td><td class="align_center">1.31</td><td class="align_center">29.73</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">CSC</td><td class="align_center">4.96</td><td class="align_center">1.43</td><td class="align_center">1.73</td><td class="align_center">0.97</td><td class="align_center">19.34</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="6"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Prediction results of chamber rock mass parameters (project type: chamber; <svg height="8.8423pt" id="M107" style="vertical-align:-0.2064009pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 44.7741 8.8423" width="44.7741pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M828 650H570L564 622C646 614 650 609 634 524L604 366H253L281 524C296 608 308 615 382 622L388 650H132L126 622C211 615 214 609 198 524L121 122C106 42 102 35 23 28L17 0H276L282 28C196 35 191 40 206 122L243 324H597L559 123C544 42 537 35 452 28L446 0H710L716 28C632 35 628 43 643 122L719 524C735 610 741 615 822 622L828 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,14.555,0)"><path d="M535 323V373H52V323H535ZM535 138V188H52V138H535Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,25.818,0)"><path d="M244 635C114 635 38 519 38 422C38 317 111 240 217 240C236 240 255 244 277 256L345 292C311 140 203 39 59 15L64 -15C89 -15 150 -5 204 17C339 72 440 202 440 386C440 521 368 635 244 635ZM228 602C326 602 352 479 352 390C352 370 351 347 348 324C327 308 293 296 258 296C174 296 124 369 124 458C124 517 152 602 228 602Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.059,0)"><path d="M137 343C167 482 260 545 321 574C357 591 397 603 429 609L423 641C382 634 335 622 295 608C189 570 37 457 37 238C37 84 125 -12 242 -12C362 -12 447 89 447 209C447 311 374 393 267 393C247 393 226 386 204 376L137 343ZM227 337C318 337 361 256 361 173C361 105 336 22 258 22C176 22 126 120 126 240C126 266 127 291 132 310C155 323 189 337 227 337Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.299,0)"><path d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 602 354 454 354 312C354 172 330 22 240 22C152 22 124 173 124 313S148 602 238 602Z"></path></g></svg> m).</div>

Geofluids

tab6

Table 6

Table 6: Deformation Mechanism and Control Technology of Surrounding Rock in the Deep-Buried Large-Span Chamber 