Influence of the Interfacial Properties on the Stability of Water in Heavy Oil Emulsions in Thermal Recovery Process

Figure 3

Microscope images of heavy oil emulsions at different temperatures and different stirring rates.

(a) 1400 r/min, 55°C

(b) 4200 r/min, 55°C

(c) 7000 r/min, 55°C

(d) 1400 r/min, 100°C

(e) 4200 r/min, 100°C

(f) 7000 r/min, 100°C

(g) 1400 r/min, 150°C

(h) 4200 r/min, 150°C

(i) 7000 r/min, 150°C