Research Article

Structural Controls on Shallow Cenozoic Fluid Flow in the Otago Schist, New Zealand

Table 1

In situ trace element compositions of hydrothermal carbonate from Akatore Creek and Bruce Rocks. Europium anomaly (Eu(N)/Eu*(N) = Eu(N)/(Sm(N) × Gd(N))1/2), LREE/HREE (), and the sum of REEs () are calculated and normalised to CI–Condrite values [51].
(a)

SampleAK17-1AK17-2AK17-3AK23-1.AK23-2.AK23-3.AK24-1.AK24-2.AK24-3.AK33-1.AK33-2.AK33-3.AK34-1.AK34-2.AK34-3.AK40-1.AK40-2.AK40-3.AK42-1.AK42-2.AK42-3.

P (ppm)61.6618614.0930311151621610285.44--19.908.09-15.7318.9527.8217.9345.0742.09
K212914006.206816296715.091011110.0512.828.239.6615.4410.7314.7415.4513.6717.619.417.7737.7185.51
Sc7.703.414.3112.8322.9435.2931.4222.6720.701.012.627.22-0.121.060.420.360.375.113.8625.56
Ti14642453.6288917925.4910893.8014.020.850.450.500.48-0.546.921.060.330.730.930.94
V17.437.421.6318.9616.8525367.225.355.150.861.152.52--0.190.750.600.671.912.083.22
Cr3.761.98-5.512.7211.9133.230.610.90--------0.580.580.72
Mn80769161583682431148195815472337231926732488265336354.41541272629382900183123101664
Co1.500.730.232.311.817.8011.500.020.050.220.220.250.03-0.040.140.070.050.040.130.05
Ni1.570.820.354.052.926.8028.410.330.270.550.620.880.270.370.250.840.400.380.751.090.35
Cu10.8811.451.2714.796.231.1390.651.420.500.963.050.750.503.780.796.191.420.642.808.381.80
Zn16463.792.2759.4240.9231312316.4716.6110.7910.369.681.311.912.0213.398.527.022.788.222.32
Ga3.782.250.266.664.821.6513.491.141.31--0.390.700.160.241.181.532.192.714.107.01
Rb21.4414.58-28.4413.87-35.800.03--------0.05-0.020.090.13
Sr138715792629184016681568758135914034458443343965346688896561066717588110312111230
Y46.8223.0412.2510418531876.1110899.526.8419.9153.5612711617.5065.7380.67122176554490
Zr28.2013.075.1211.2024.9582575.1710898.820.761.821.830.090.030.362.761.411.220.080.490.32
Nb5.680.76-1.894.18-2.14-0.04------0.02-----
Cs17.689.04-6.407.85-11.61---0.01---0.00-----0.02
Ba17115724648235865.1313534.8017.502962832841.350.596.7920.5513.6512.681.372.944.21
La71.3439.848.2466.7691.9627.0664.5450.3951.480.201.6611.6925.9911.947.0856.0877.37105121184279
Ce12263.5217.8614117878.8511382.8287.100.533.4921.9644.2714.1215.6379.36115155199294495
Pr16.267.972.8116.5322.5511.9213.6910.4810.910.090.512.795.631.512.169.6213.6418.6724.1337.1360.11
Nd69.2533.3813.0665.2697.6665.4755.3145.1345.800.382.3712.6126.286.349.2041.8956.8182.2696.45162248
Sm14.506.362.6214.9624.1923.0811.909.939.830.120.573.338.762.492.028.4811.1516.1420.2643.3459.03
Eu2.691.140.504.736.916.903.312.232.300.060.180.922.210.910.371.922.813.715.1411.6313.88
Gd13.996.472.5216.6027.9537.1312.7012.1110.960.210.905.0217.469.161.969.8912.7819.3624.9966.8072.24
Tb1.660.780.272.554.416.251.871.851.710.030.170.813.001.820.251.221.462.353.6411.0712.17
Dy8.634.001.5516.6329.1544.7212.1113.4112.600.381.466.5021.5614.771.757.208.8313.8222.7574.8080.06
Ho1.430.640.343.155.659.562.392.982.820.090.371.504.413.610.361.391.732.774.3214.6215.75
Er3.461.410.908.3614.5826.536.708.768.060.471.394.4410.138.911.123.624.147.0710.6936.5539.14
Tm0.380.180.131.031.713.400.851.261.220.070.180.600.860.810.140.400.460.801.144.034.60
Yb2.190.870.965.789.7018.545.338.107.240.441.183.203.313.050.931.902.374.205.9519.6223.97
Lu0.290.120.130.751.372.440.711.150.990.070.220.470.310.240.150.310.340.600.772.553.18
Hf0.680.30-0.220.767.442.471.121.15--0.04-----0.03-0.090.05
Ta0.360.050.000.140.22-0.18-0.00----0.00-----0.000.01
Pb36.9523.140.5112.178.6882028.6114.6714.681.521.651.561.201.700.888.026.274.510.934.961.48
Th6.852.692.6640.9639.547.436.281.503.96-0.050.930.070.220.571.230.280.132.080.249.29
U4.611.253.673.181.878.482.263.823.690.160.341.970.110.040.167.455.084.244.162.216.06
119359320014302137197011901067105321.1882.3936584746317184111381619207542495730
La(N)/Lu(N)25.9236.516.969.497.221.199.724.715.580.290.812.689.065.284.9419.2224.5818.6916.737.749.40
Eu(N)/Eu(N)0.580.540.600.920.810.720.820.620.681.190.770.690.550.580.570.640.720.640.700.660.65

-: below detection limits (bdl).
(b)

SampleBR2E.1BR2E.2BR2E.3BR2E.4BR2E.5BR2E.6BR2E.7BR2E.8BR2E.9BR2E.10BR2E.11BR2E.12BR2E2A.2-1BR2E2A.2-2BR2E2A.2-3BR2E2B.1BR2E2B.2BR2E2B.3BR2E2B.4BR2E2B.5

P (ppm)70.8027.4056.6058.8055.0038.5033.0017.9019.0019.8013.4052.00142106137--17.7014.6011.70
K5.703.003.40-1.543.122.272.502.88--6.8094.0019.9048.00-5.8065.008.302.50
Sc3.220.940.844.290.900.480.36---0.051.443132633103.402.238.2010.006.78
Ti13.004.8010.0014.6011.608.107.101.362.762.321.519.1019.8011.7024.300.12-11.500.39-
V7.643.384.137.982.892.612.120.440.700.670.673.112571992601.691.649.204.843.94
Cr-----------12.6010.5013.00--2.851.661.29
Mn16301230200714871567141812054375044845001720453035505040641639928720620
Co3.401.610.922.190.971.701.080.430.490.200.530.966.203.5819.100.030.040.130.160.08
Ni10.905.083.416.572.885.573.721.752.010.831.882.9420.6016.4041.300.13-0.440.290.20
Cu1.630.393.310.910.754.900.602.781.911.240.252.6811.000.681.011.542.230.411.31-
Zn10567.6014196.1011112110114.7027.6023.3027.6011810594.001652.431.9311.107.403.46
Ga1.270.300.450.780.380.320.350.030.070.090.040.404.173.483.890.130.070.450.330.19
Rb----------0.01-0.190.100.16--0.300.050.02
Sr166498415891568167512891153488683547665165570361464031162971273523962610
Y53.6017.608.8542.8016.2415.5417.401.445.755.311.8115.5787672283018.8915.6137.2030.7924.29
Zr2.194.685.103.293.173.333.031.561.461.651.313.801.261.142.222.651.557.534.031.51
Nb0.000.00--0.00-------0.010.010.01--0.01--
Cs--------0.00--------0.030.01-
Ba57.2036.4091.3061.9077.4070.6054.0014.2019.3016.0020.6077.2012599.9012265.4061.8011794.4059.50
La73.0014.5012.7740.3014.3011.388.970.541.901.400.6012.392211882108.556.1529.9024.7014.49
Ce14120.5025.4083.3027.2018.0413.640.662.811.780.8423.1042236942914.6511.0947.8042.1026.60
Pr17.102.442.8610.183.222.221.750.110.370.240.112.8351.8045.3050.501.851.405.444.723.37
Nd72.4011.2012.1445.7014.7010.277.710.472.181.360.6112.382482122448.896.8222.3020.7014.51
Sm14.702.292.549.503.142.181.870.090.480.340.142.5470.0061.2070.001.951.464.804.113.28
Eu4.340.690.782.820.940.660.590.040.120.140.040.7226.7021.8027.200.680.501.351.251.01
Gd13.402.582.049.202.822.192.290.140.690.480.222.4394.2082.9095.002.261.925.174.363.68
Tb1.910.350.311.280.470.330.320.020.080.080.020.3918.8016.2019.400.350.370.830.670.57
Dy10.492.471.588.202.461.962.170.140.480.530.172.651351111312.372.095.334.403.53
Ho1.830.480.281.550.490.430.450.030.120.100.030.4531.4026.4030.700.580.461.070.910.73
Er4.451.200.664.041.251.011.150.110.340.300.121.0688.5074.1086.701.471.192.942.352.14
Tm0.600.150.110.500.150.120.140.010.040.040.010.1513.5011.0013.200.200.160.380.320.28
Yb3.261.050.522.920.790.730.800.040.190.180.091.0085.1067.2081.401.171.002.301.801.87
Lu0.400.100.060.340.100.090.100.010.030.020.010.0910.108.079.300.140.120.290.220.24
Hf0.050.020.120.060.050.060.080.030.020.030.010.070.030.050.070.020.040.060.07-
Ta------------0.000.00------
Pb14.1017.0013.6014.3511.1913.1011.762.323.723.774.6311.802.942.033.902.382.006.934.492.05
Th6.150.834.2923.703.030.180.03---0.016.3218.0013.4018.501.370.563.794.911.66
U1.441.790.180.800.2010.003.6321.106.717.845.740.564.523.574.180.010.010.020.020.02
132023422483527420217510.6441.7332.2812.82238762664357493192151509434314
19.4616.3623.2012.5614.8814.359.715.466.727.545.8214.432.352.502.426.365.5911.0112.206.61
0.950.871.050.920.970.920.871.170.641.040.700.881.010.941.020.990.910.830.900.89

-: below detection limits (bdl).
(c)

SampleBR2E2.6BR2E2.7BR2E2.8BR2E2.9BR2E2.10BR2E3.1BR2E3.2BR2E3.3BR2E3.4BR2E3.5BR2E3.6BR2E3.7BR2E3.8BR2E3.9BR2E3.10BR6A.1BR6A.2BR6A.3BR6A.4BR6A.5BR6A.6

P (ppm)-15.30--12.1023.4029.4032.2053.4025.1033.9050.0024.6040.1030.2045.3054.7052.0047.8050.7040.70
K2.3611.10-3.788.5014.9011.3018.6011728.30-9.104.504.3018.10-1.993.331.951.631.69
Sc4.045.824.275.523.211.041.522.183.601.782.246.371.913.682.263.174.211.682.584.830.68
Ti0.190.452.0010.602.605.902.566.0022.004.204.207.301.903.705.602.224.603.113.152.822.72
V1.314.871.795.044.044.966.1210.6838.6012.007.7913.904.246.346.659.8323.1020.2026.4515.676.60
Cr-2.050.942.241.440.730.781.161.74------------
Mn6087386447596958309191156214011101804241010521866151010401270101611681151902
Co0.010.090.020.070.070.180.240.427.110.422.955.201.073.721.840.190.120.240.230.120.16
Ni-0.21-0.210.230.590.641.7523.001.638.7117.304.1011.604.340.410.240.390.290.240.21
Cu-0.490.09-5.030.351.100.276.004.220.541.381.971.007.10------
Zn1.398.901.746.238.8618.0020.2038.5017126.0012520547.8014466.5012.0718.8014.8020.2012.4013.00
Ga0.090.180.120.190.190.770.781.194.580.920.490.910.150.390.360.100.200.150.230.280.07
Rb-0.05-----0.030.320.060.00----------
Sr2468222423102619288417301791185317581771203220821433181519885231836106723911968736
Y14.3926.9020.8027.0619.8031.2044.5055.2067.0051.1031.8274.5017.1045.3023.9027.8055.2033.2050.8053.603.81
Zr1.494.563.044.504.028.9011.1110.447.979.655.997.483.497.373.896.5313.409.8012.2210.144.77
Nb--0.00------------0.00--0.01-
Cs0.01---0.02--0.15------------
Ba62.1010371.9094.3081.1099.5010511612910952.5046.9017.1046.0053.1013.1849.2027.0063.6061.0020.60
La6.7515.9510.8016.5711.0015.5322.8430.0035.0025.709.9932.305.6014.668.462.9113.1010.7019.2017.801.59
Ce12.6626.4018.6026.8017.4022.8034.6945.5054.5045.3015.4154.009.2025.5013.994.8122.2018.0032.5030.702.68
Pr1.673.042.293.192.132.734.045.266.234.582.106.481.193.291.650.703.192.484.183.810.30
Nd7.7713.9710.0014.209.7112.3318.8023.9029.7022.909.6630.404.8715.708.204.0915.9013.2020.9019.001.34
Sm1.873.022.752.842.152.773.945.116.884.812.346.401.013.541.911.064.133.405.074.760.21
Eu0.571.040.791.080.711.011.401.762.321.690.772.310.361.150.630.451.321.051.661.430.10
Gd1.953.342.683.682.653.925.606.668.246.192.939.401.614.842.702.035.704.226.515.930.40
Tb0.350.650.430.570.410.650.831.071.460.960.451.540.210.690.380.330.950.630.960.950.05
Dy2.153.773.063.732.753.976.277.209.656.843.1711.021.555.152.722.326.564.386.736.540.41
Ho0.450.830.620.790.600.881.281.542.131.440.732.490.331.130.600.581.450.961.531.450.10
Er1.252.221.692.101.472.473.584.285.273.902.077.181.143.121.601.634.012.483.893.960.28
Tm0.180.280.240.290.210.340.470.550.770.500.320.940.180.460.240.220.570.340.510.570.04
Yb1.101.691.351.741.331.952.783.574.473.291.955.741.253.141.581.473.442.212.923.400.20
Lu0.130.200.170.230.140.230.370.410.560.360.230.690.170.320.210.200.440.290.390.450.04
Hf-0.110.010.050.070.130.190.220.130.100.090.060.020.080.080.100.220.110.130.170.06
Ta---------0.00----0.00----
Pb1.805.002.384.506.248.7010.1914.4338.6017.8047.9047.6021.5057.7031.3018.1035.0031.4045.5031.009.37
Th0.870.910.711.310.680.230.370.200.840.560.342.690.493.780.470.080.230.080.251.780.08
U0.010.030.010.020.030.340.460.440.830.2011.3320.9212.9226.739.730.140.480.200.400.300.08
16731523532022031045357271652523675512836519812439729347245132.66
5.408.596.937.598.427.366.587.946.757.654.585.053.534.934.381.543.214.025.284.214.48
0.921.000.891.020.910.940.910.920.940.950.900.910.870.850.850.940.830.850.880.821.10

-: below detection limits (bdl).
(d)

SampleBR6A.7BR6A.8BR6A.9BR6A.10BR6A.12BR6A.13BR6A.14BR6A.15BR6A.16BR6A.17BR6A.18BR6A.19BR6A.20BR62 - 1BR62 - 2BR62 - 3BR62 - 4BR62 - 5BR62 - 6BR62 - 7BR62 - 11

P (ppm)42.3053.3086.6031.4041.0068.0040.0012.9031.8028.6031.7030.7031.709.608.109.4031.0022.1025.7042.0032.00
K-2.59--1642262602140.650.940.861.145.9016.609.006.1968.00122130203103
Sc0.742.961.931.9215.4938.7012.132.000.100.030.600.045.500.270.352.591.542.817.024.811.07
Ti1.514.171.592.135.3013.8046019.000.860.931.790.851.510.853.000.280.842.5019.4037.0013.00
V22.3021.5773.208.7015.2021.7414.207.650.680.391.300.523.432.421.883.025.3710.865.8111.552.77
Cr----1.022.242.500.990.21-0.19-0.25-----0.751.95-
Mn1071111214601133844151175974613586731146114512368058541231766884583885850
Co0.150.250.210.080.433.020.640.050.060.030.160.060.050.020.040.090.050.050.101.620.11
Ni0.230.360.350.320.942.180.570.130.160.040.280.070.13-0.100.150.110.120.362.600.43
Cu0.17--0.301.502.200.100.030.07-0.050.290.280.150.180.470.210.590.610.73
Zn7.7617.508.7735.2012.8035.2012.706.128.953.2410.105.177.731.672.9310.002.915.677.4016.4016.70
Ga0.220.201.320.121.773.453.050.700.050.020.060.020.160.050.100.190.420.821.271.860.95
Rb---0.610.731.220.55----0.010.060.03-0.310.420.520.880.35
Sr1450165750038401913265712201918543728728596114718581792152117241781122411541583
Y66.5043.9015621.8021215424038.603.474.386.502.5548.6015.2025.3037.7041.7011412097.7067.20
Zr14.7112.5558.506.243.734.092.810.531.581.463.472.059.590.920.443.470.412.250.325.802.14
Nb----0.000.020.640.010.000.000.00------0.000.050.040.01
Cs----0.080.170.280.10-0.00---0.020.010.010.080.110.140.290.06
Ba28.1039.9014.3076.9016122362.3012911.4617.4017.2711.2223.1022518479.9021724013915466.60
La18.6014.531116.6211820417211.800.310.191.010.239.704.407.9615.009.2930.2040.9057.0031.90
Ce27.7024.4018311.9017933930620.500.420.251.630.3518.187.1112.0425.5015.8351.9070.5095.4075.30
Pr3.833.1122.231.4522.0040.6038.302.710.070.040.250.062.740.841.513.182.156.8810.2911.8210.08
Nd21.9015.161037.4710017222013.510.340.241.370.4114.564.257.6216.1011.9335.5057.0058.4047.60
Sm6.133.9123.202.0322.5033.9037.523.240.090.080.350.144.231.101.933.943.379.6015.3612.4411.10
Eu1.921.316.920.597.209.4912.191.010.030.040.140.061.390.370.591.251.112.894.633.562.86
Gd8.234.7625.812.4227.8030.5041.303.930.200.170.530.225.821.452.575.134.3312.9018.7714.7010.20
Tb1.190.773.950.454.264.715.960.600.030.030.090.030.970.250.340.760.641.862.712.271.38
Dy7.895.4225.792.7626.5328.1236.503.810.200.370.630.246.571.422.515.354.3412.5016.3113.288.02
Ho1.741.245.310.635.735.696.820.870.050.100.140.051.360.320.511.050.992.573.272.671.61
Er4.603.4314.331.8715.3514.1817.502.170.150.290.380.113.810.841.352.862.697.068.776.994.01
Tm0.630.451.890.252.221.882.500.290.020.050.060.020.550.110.170.430.381.031.290.970.61
Yb3.433.2310.021.3613.8011.4115.091.790.150.280.430.133.990.550.972.372.126.249.185.533.57
Lu0.410.361.210.151.701.321.860.260.020.030.050.010.480.090.120.280.280.791.150.700.39
Hf0.150.210.750.080.040.07-0.000.030.030.060.040.10--0.06-0.030.020.200.04
Ta----0.000.000.090.00----------0.000.000.00
Pb67.2027.8888.9015.209.5019.416.003.403.011.087.706.426.022.031.9511.422.7711.453.103.207.59
Th0.030.170.060.643.477.531.300.640.01-0.010.001.450.140.180.490.170.710.380.8117.20
U0.100.390.140.681.391.971.330.792.760.660.781.160.580.120.260.340.351.080.861.840.55
506373218618351622903359354629011.3714.8436.3411.0337410317436428283111871161
4.864.289.814.645.657.4516.589.914.901.850.582.082.082.155.557.115.703.524.083.828.68
0.830.930.860.810.850.880.900.950.870.780.940.960.980.860.880.810.850.890.790.830.80

-: below detection limits (bdl).