Frost-Heaving Cracking Sensitivity of Single-Flaw Rock Mass Based on a Numerical Experimental Method

<table class="table-group" id="tab2"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left"></td><td class="align_center">Thermal conductivity</td><td class="align_center">Thermal capacity</td><td class="align_center">Thermal expansion coefficient</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Unit</td><td class="align_center"><svg height="8.8423pt" id="M33" style="vertical-align:-0.2064009pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 12.8091 8.8423" width="12.8091pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M962 650H739L732 622L760 619C812 613 819 604 798 552C760 457 671 267 606 131H604L511 638H480L237 131H233L183 554C177 607 183 614 226 619L248 622L257 650H24L17 622C88 615 92 611 103 524L173 -11H203L450 491H453L543 -11H575L839 529C882 609 886 613 953 622L962 650Z"></path></g></svg>/(m·°C)</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 87.7934ptpx;"><svg height="18.3157pt" id="M34" style="vertical-align:-5.8304pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -12.4853 87.7934 18.3157" width="87.7934pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M429 650H175L169 622C251 614 259 612 244 532L174 152C163 91 152 37 135 -6C109 -72 67 -101 23 -113L33 -144C45 -143 73 -134 102 -119C186 -76 229 -1 254 133L327 532C341 609 347 613 423 622L429 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.058,2.0537e-05)"><path d="M378 -385C239 -253 158 0 158 271S238 795 378 927L356 953C165 798 79 550 79 272V271C79 -10 165 -259 356 -411L378 -385Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,13.839,0)"><path d="M797 0V26C739 32 732 36 732 103V296C732 394 682 449 605 449C576 449 550 437 529 423C504 407 475 389 446 366C425 418 382 449 334 449C303 449 279 437 253 421C222 403 201 385 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-11 292 15 346 59C408 108 437 166 437 226C437 309 371 397 242 397C214 397 170 382 133 369L158 548Z"></path></g></svg></span></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Rock</td><td class="align_center">2.2</td><td class="align_center">2.3</td><td class="align_center">0.2</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Ice</td><td class="align_center">2.1</td><td class="align_center">1.9</td><td class="align_center">–40</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="4"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Thermal properties of rock and ice.</div>

Geofluids

tab2

Table 2

Table 2: Frost-Heaving Cracking Sensitivity of Single-Flaw Rock Mass Based on a Numerical Experimental Method 