Undrained Cyclic Response and Resistance of Saturated Calcareous Sand considering Initial Static Shear Effect

<table class="figure-group"><tr class="fig-image" id="a"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/geofluids/volume-2021/4616747/figures/4616747.fig.008a.svgz" name="4616747.fig.008a" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(a) </b>Dense sand</td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="b"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/geofluids/volume-2021/4616747/figures/4616747.fig.008b.svgz" name="4616747.fig.008b" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(b) </b>Loose sand</td></tr></table>

<div>Relationship between CSR and <svg height="11.8174pt" id="M75" style="vertical-align:-3.1815pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 13.4012 11.8174" width="13.4012pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M822 650H589L583 622C660 617 677 607 674 561C672 534 664 481 647 390L600 137H596L273 650H126L120 622C176 620 194 615 207 594C221 571 225 557 214 504L161 257C141 166 129 112 121 85C108 42 83 30 29 28L23 0H260L266 28C193 33 173 42 176 89C178 122 186 172 202 255L256 527H259L583 -8H612L690 390C708 481 720 535 728 558C744 603 756 619 816 622L822 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,10.062,3.132)"><path d="M54 437L27 408L31 397H101V103C101 37 94 32 30 26V0H266V25C187 33 180 36 180 110V397H288C299 404 304 428 298 437H180V477C179 562 190 610 203 630C214 647 230 659 256 659C289 659 318 641 337 622C346 612 355 612 364 619C374 627 380 635 383 643C388 655 387 667 378 678C362 697 333 710 299 712C260 707 225 689 189 659C135 613 119 563 112 541S101 490 101 458V437H54Z"></path></g></svg> with various SSR.</div>

Geofluids

fig8

Figure 8

Figure 8: Undrained Cyclic Response and Resistance of Saturated Calcareous Sand considering Initial Static Shear Effect 