Particle Flow Analysis of Mechanical Properties and Failure Behaviour in Composite Rock Strata with Holes

Table 1

Physical and mechanical parameters of soft rock and hard rock.

Lithology	(MPa)	(MPa)	(MPa)	(°)	(GPa)
Soft rock	12.23	1.48	2.57	34	1.5	0.3
Hard rock	45.86	3.31	7.92	45	5.97	0.24