A Study on Excavation Characteristics of Tunnel with Upper-Soft Lower-Hard Stratum

<table class="figure-group"><tr class="fig-image" id="a"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/geofluids/volume-2022/1094281/figures/1094281.fig.008a.svgz" name="1094281.fig.008a" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(a) </b>Positive benching and retaining core soil method</td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="b"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/geofluids/volume-2022/1094281/figures/1094281.fig.008b.svgz" name="1094281.fig.008b" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(b) </b>CRD method</td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="c"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/geofluids/volume-2022/1094281/figures/1094281.fig.008c.svgz" name="1094281.fig.008c" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(c) </b>Double side drift method</td></tr></table>

<div>Variation characteristics of axial force.</div>

Geofluids

fig8

Figure 8

Figure 8: A Study on Excavation Characteristics of Tunnel with Upper-Soft Lower-Hard Stratum 