A Study on Excavation Characteristics of Tunnel with Upper-Soft Lower-Hard Stratum

<table class="table-group" id="tab5"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="3"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_center" colspan="3">Research method</td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Numerical analysis</td><td class="align_center">Field monitoring</td><td class="align_center">Difference rate</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="3"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">13.70</td><td class="align_center">16.01</td><td class="align_center">14.43%</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="3"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="table-fn"><td><div>Maximum deformation (mm).<br/></div></td></tr></table>

<div>Comparison of deformation at the rail surface line.</div>

Geofluids

tab5

Table 5

Table 5: A Study on Excavation Characteristics of Tunnel with Upper-Soft Lower-Hard Stratum 