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Gene | Genetic marker(s) | Type of study | Physiologic function | Studied population | Type of polymorphism | References |
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ADIPOQ, RETN | SNPs at position −420 of the RETN and/or −11377 of the ADIPOQ | Case-control | Insulin resistance and obesity | Japanese | RETN−420G/G | [29] |
ADIPOQ | rs1501299, rs2241766, and rs266729 | Case-control | Insulin resistance | Jordanian | G allele | [31] |
ADIPOQ | rs17300539, rs266729, rs822395, rs822396, rs2241766, rs1501299, rs2241767, rs3774261, and rs17366743 | Case-control | Insulin resistance | Saudi Arabian | rs2241766, rs1501299, rs2241767, rs3774261, and rs17366743 | [35] |
ADIPOQ | SNPs | Case-control | Modulating insulin sensitivity | Minia | Higher genotyping distributions of TG, GG, and TT | [27] |
ADIPOQ | T45G and G276T | Meta-analysis | Insulin resistance, obesity, and T2DM | Asian | G276T | [34] |
ADIPOQ | rs1501299 | Case-control | Lipid profile | Polish | GG | [32] |
CAPN10 | UCSNP-44, UCSNP-43, UCSNP-19, and UCSNP-63 | Case-control | Ca-mediated intracellular signaling, and insulin secretion | Spanish | UCSNP-44 | [36] |
CAPN10 | CAPN10 haplotypes | Haplotype-phenotype correlation | Ca-mediated intracellular signaling, and insulin secretion | Spanish | UCSNP-44 | [37] |
CAPN10 | SNPs | Meta-analysis, meta-regression | Ca-mediated intracellular signaling, and insulin secretion | Asian | UCSNP-19, UCSNP-63, and UCSNP-45 | [38] |
CAPN10 | UCSNP-43, UCSNP-44, UCSNP-19, and UCSNP-63 | Cross-sectional population-based | Ca-mediated intracellular signaling, and insulin secretion | Spanish | UCSNP-44, UCSNP-43, and UCSNP-19 | [39] |
CAPN10 | UCSNP-43, UCSNP-19, and UCSNP-63 | Case-control | Ca-mediated intracellular signaling, and insulin secretion | Chilean | UCSNP-43 | [40] |
CAPN10 | UCSNP-43, UCSNP-19, and UCSNP-63 | Cross-sectional | Ca-mediated intracellular signaling, and insulin secretion | Brazilian | UCSNP-43 | [41] |
CAPN10 | UCSNP-44, UCSNP-43, UCSNP-56, UCSNP-19, and UCSNP-63 | Case-control | Ca-mediated intracellular signaling, and insulin secretion | Indian | UCSNP-44 | [42] |
CAPN10 | UCSNP-43 and rs3792267 | Case-control | Ca-mediated intracellular signaling, and insulin secretion | Greek | UCSNP-43 | [43] |
CAPN10 | UCSNP-43 and rs3792267 | Case-control | Ca-mediated intracellular signaling, and insulin secretion | Indian | ND | [44] |
CAPN10 | UCSNP-19, UCSNP-63, UCSNP-44, and UCSNP-43 | Meta-analysis | Ca-mediated intracellular signaling, and insulin secretion | Different populations | UCSNP-19 and UCSNP-63 | [45] |
PPAR-γ | Gly482Ser, PPAR-α Leu162Val, PPAR-δ rs2267668A/G, PPAR-δ−87T/C, PPAR-γ2 Pro12Ala, and PPAR-γ2-−681C/G | Case-control, meta-analysis | Glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, transport, and storage | Caucasian | Gly482Ser and Pro12Ala | [46] |
PPAR-γ | Pro12Ala | Meta-analyses | Glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, transport, and storage | Different population | Pro12Ala | [47] |
PPAR-γ2 | Pro12Ala | Case-control | Glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, transport, and storage | Chinese | ND | [48] |
PPAR-γ2 | Pro12Ala | Case-control | Glucose homoeostasis, lipid metabolism, and adipocyte differentiation | South Indian | Pro12Ala | [49] |
PPAR-γ | Pro12Ala (exon 2) and His447His (exon 6) | Case-control | Insulin resistance and adiposity | Southern Mediterranean | Pro12Ala (exon 2) | [50] |
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