The Histological and Immunohistochemical Aspects of Bile Reflux in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Table 5

Immunohistochemical study of the p53 expression in esophageal and gastric mucosa of GERD patients and HCs.

	GERD (𝑛=53)				Healthy controls (𝑛=15)
Grade of p53 staining(n)	Esophagus		Stomach		Esophagus		Stomach
	BRI (+); (𝑛=25)	BRI (−); (𝑛=28)	BRI (+); (𝑛=25)	BRI (−); (𝑛=28)	BRI (+); (𝑛=2)	BRI (−); (𝑛=13)	BRI (+); (𝑛=2)	BRI (−); (𝑛=13)
0	15	21	21	26	2	10	2	11
1	9	7	4	2	—	3	—	2
2	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
3	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
5	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

According to the percentages of the stained epithelial cells, the immunohistological sections were scored and graded as follows: 0 = absence of staining, 1=staining up to 5%, 2=staining>5%-10%, 3=staining>10%-25%, 4=staining>25%-50%, and 5=staining>51%.