An Increasing Prominent Disease of Klebsiella pneumoniae Liver Abscess: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Table 1

Demographic, clinical characteristics and treatment of patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscesses from case reports.

Case	Age	Sex	Race	Underlying diseases	Symptom	Location of medical therapy		Outcome	Reference
1	64	F	Filipino	Diabetes mellitus thrombocytosis	Fever, rigors, nausea, and myalgias	Right lobe	Piperacilin-tazobactam (3.37 g Q6h) + gentamicin (400 mg qd), ceftriaxone (2 g iv qd) + oralmetronidazole (500 mg iv four times daily) followed by levofloxacin and metronidazole for 4 wks	Survived	[7]
2	71	M	Caucasian	Coronary artery disease	Fever, abdominal pain, and hypotension	Left lobe	Cefotetan (2 g BID) + oral levofloxacin (500 mg qd) for 8 wks	Survived	[7]
3	53	M	Caucasian	Mitral valve prolapse and hypercholesterolemia	Fever, rigors, fatigue, malaise, night sweats, and tooth pain	Left lobe	Ceftriaxone + metronidazole for 4 wks, gentamicin for 2 wks, followed by oral ciprofloxacin for 1 month	Survived	[7]
4	64	F	Filipino	Peptic ulcer disease, coronary artery disease, and hypertension	Fever, right abdominal pain, and anorexia	Left lobe	Ciprofloxacin (400 mg, iv, bid) + metronidazole (500 mg iv, tid), followed by oral ciprofloxacin + metronidazole for 6 wks	Survived	[7]
5	56	M	Filipino	None	Fever, chills, night sweats, epigastric pain, and nausea	Right lobe	Piperacillin/tazobactam (q6h) + metronidazole (500 mg, q8h), gentamicin (180 mg, q18h), followed by oral levofloxacin (500 mg, qd) + metronidazole (500 mg, tid) for 6 wks	Survived	[7]
6	59	F	Filipino	Diabetes mellitus	Fever, chills, anorexia, and fatigue	Left lobe	Piperacillin/tazobactam (3.375 g, q6h) + metronidazole (500 mg, q8h), ceftriaxone (2 g/day) + metronidazole (500 mg, q8h) for 4 wks, followed by oral levofloxacin (500 mg/day) for 3 months	Survived	[7]
7	55	M	Argentinian	None	Fever and fatigue	NR	Ceftriaxone + metronidazole, followed by oral ciprofloxacin for 6 wks, percutaneous drainage	Survived	[26]
8	47	F	Omani	None	Fever, chills, rigors, mild cough, poor oral intake, and inability to walk	Right lobe	Augmentin (2 g iv q6h)+ gentamicin (1.7 g IV q8h) for 3 wks, catheter drainage	Survived	[18]
9	58	F	Omani	Diabetes millitus	Fever, malaise, and nausea	Right lobe	Amikacin (1 g IV q12h) + ceftazidime (1.5 g IV q8h for 5 days), followed by ciprofloxacin (0.5 g IV q12h for 12 days) and piperacillin/tazobactam (4.5 g iv q8h) for 15 days	Survived	[18]
10	62	M	Irish	Peripheral vascular disease and excess alcohol intake	Abdominal pain, anorexia and nausea	NR	Piperacillin/tazobactam (4.5 g iv q8h) for 15 days	Survived	[14]
11	40	M	Filipino	Diabetes mellitus	Fever, polydipsia, and polyuria	Right lobe	Ceftriaxone (2 g iv qd), oralciprofloxacin for 69 days; percutaneous drainage, intravenous gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin (400 mg, iv bid) for 5 days	Survived	[14]
12	55	M	Chinese	Diabetes mellitus	Vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, and rigors	Right lobe	Oral ciprofloxacin for 36 days, oral cephalexin for 97 days, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (1.2 g, iv, tid) + gentamicin (320 mg/day) + metronidazole (500 mg, iv, tid), followed by ceftriaxone (2 g/day·iv) + oral metronidazole (400 mg, bid), percutaneous drainage	Survived	[14]
13	58	M	Japanese	Diabetes mellitus	Malaise	Right lobe	Meropenem (1 g iv q12h) for 6 days, cefmetazole (2 g iv Q8h), oral cefcapene pivoxil (100 mg, tid), and antibiotic treatment for 30 days	Survived	[5]
14	61	F	Japanese	Diabetes mellitus	Fever, chills, and a slight headache	NR	Meropenem (1 g, iv, q8h) + linezolid (600 mg, iv, q12h), changed to ceftriaxone (2 g q12h) for 20 days, followed by oral cephalexin (250 mg q6h) for 31 days	Survived	[5]
15	43	M	Japanese	None	Right hypochondriac and epigastric pain	Right lobe	Meropenem (1 g day iv) for 15 days + IV insulin, mg/day, and oral ciprofloxacin (400 mg/day) for 50 days	Survived	[45]

NR: not reported.