Preventive Effect of TU-100 on a Type-2 Model of Colitis in Mice: Possible Involvement of Enhancing Adrenomedullin in Intestinal Epithelial Cells
Table 2
Effects of adrenomedullin on cytokine induction due to anti-CD3 or LPS stimulation.
(a) Anti-CD3 stimulation
Cytokine
ADM (µmol/L)
Control
0.01
0.1
1
IL-1β
29 ± 5
24 ± 3
24 ± 3
33 ± 9
IL-2
448 ± 37
460 ± 27
475 ± 31
595 ± 28*
IL-4
54 ± 3
50 ± 2
47 ± 3
50 ± 1
IL-5
2 ± 0
4 ± 1
2 ± 0
3 ± 1
IL-6
91 ± 4
94 ± 8
94 ± 4
109 ± 4
IL-10
12 ± 1
14 ± 0
11 ± 1
12 ± 1
IL-12p70
20 ± 3
17 ± 4
19 ± 3
19 ± 5
IL-13
140 ± 4
126 ± 12
90 ± 7*
91 ± 3*
IL-17A
103 ± 2
102 ± 6
106 ± 12
102 ± 12
GM-CSF
81 ± 5
75 ± 1
57 ± 2*
54 ± 4*
IFN-γ
3,821 ± 161
3,177 ± 313
2,110 ± 39*
1,959 ± 117*
TNF-α
16 ± 0
14 ± 0
10 ± 1*
8 ± 1*
(b) LPS stimulation
Cytokine
ADM (µmol/L)
Control
0.01
0.1
1
IL-6
326 ± 9
338 ± 4
350 ± 17
328 ± 13
IL-10
551 ± 50
551 ± 10
523 ± 30
472 ± 12
IL-12p70
22 ± 5
15 ± 5
10 ± 3
16 ± 3
GM-CSF
31 ± 3
27 ± 3
19 ± 2*
18 ± 2*
IFN-γ
44 ± 15
36 ± 12
N.D.
N.D.
MCP-1
262 ± 15
260 ± 24
161 ± 12*
149 ± 28*
TNF-α
81 ± 3
72 ± 4
37 ± 3*
28 ± 2*
Murine spleen cells were stimulated with 1 μg/mL anti-CD3 for 1 d (a) or 1 μg/mL LPS for 2 d (b). Adrenomedullin (ADM) was added to culture medium at the indicated concentrations. Cytokines were measured using a Bio-Plex mouse cytokine multiplex kit. Measurements of IL-17A and TNF-α were performed by conventional ELISA. Cytokine productions with no stimulus were 9.9 ± 1.6 in IL-2, 1.6 ± 0.2 in IL-6, 1.7 ± 0.2 in IL-10, and below the detection limit for the others. = 3-4. * versus control by Dunnett test.
