Insulin Resistance Increases MRI-Estimated Pancreatic Fat in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Normal Controls
Table 1
Demographic and biochemical characteristics of patients with NAFLD and healthy controls.
NAFLD patients ()
Healthy controls ()
P value
Age (years)
48.4 (11.9)
43.2 (20.0)
0.14
Sex (% male)
55.8%
22.5%
<0.001
BMI (kg/m2)
31.5 (4.6)
25.5 (7.2)
<0.001
Diabetes (%)
34.9%
32.7%
0.74
AST (U/L)
53.7 (42.4)
21.0 (6.5)
<0.001
ALT (U/L)
82.3 (61.8)
18.8 (11.0)
<0.001
Glucose (mg/dL)
110.0 (29.9)
88.7 (9.9)
<0.001
Insulin (µIU/mL)
29.3 (36.2)
7.5 (4.4)
<0.001
HOMA-IR
8.6 (11.7)
1.7 (1.0)
<0.001
Hgb A1c (%)
6.29 (0.90)
5.60 (0.26)
<0.001
Triglycerides (mg/dL)
180.3 (125.8)
78.6 (45.6)
<0.001
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
200.7 (43.8)
183.2 (32.3)
0.03
LDL (mg/dL)
120.3 (36.7)
100.8 (26.7)
0.004
HDL (mg/dL)
47.6 (16.2)
66.8 (19.9)
<0.001
Alk Phos (U/L)
78.3 (23.2)
66.9 (22.9)
0.02
GGT (U/L)
73.4 (65.5)
19.2 (11.2)
<0.001
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)
0.59 (0.39)
0.46 (0.22)
0.05
MRI-PDFF pancreas (%)
8.5% (6.6)
3.6% (2.3)
<0.001
MRI-PDFF liver (%)
15.9% (6.7)
2.5% (0.9)
<0.001
Data expressed as mean with standard deviation in parentheses. Abbreviations for tables: NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; BMI: body mass index; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; HOMA-IR: homeostatic-model-of-insulin-resistance; Hgb A1c: hemoglobin A1c; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; Alk Phos: alkaline phosphatase; GGT: gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; PDFF: proton-density-fat-fraction. Insulin levels were measured while fasting. t-test assuming equal variance between NAFLD and control group.
