Aberrant MicroRNAs in Pancreatic Cancer: Researches and Clinical Implications

Table 1

Important miRNAs deregulated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

miRNA	Expression status	Target genes	Potential clinical value*	Reference
miR-21	Upregulation	PTEN, PDCD4, TPM1, TIMP3	D, P, S, T	[22–27]
miR-221/222	Upregulation	CDKN1B (p27), PUMA, PTEN	D, P, T	[22, 23, 28–30]
miR-155	Upregulation	TP53INP1, SEL1L	D, P	[22–24, 31, 32]
miR-196a	Upregulation	HOXB8, ANXA1, HMGA2	D, P	[22, 23, 33–36]
miR-424-5p	Upregulation	SOCS6	P	[28, 37]
miR-10a	Upregulation	HOXA1	P, T	[38]
miR-373	Upregulation	TP53INP1, LATS2, CD44	D	[39]
miR-27a	Upregulation	Spry2	P, T	[40]
miR-210	Upregulation	HOXA1, FGFRL1, HOXA9	P	[24, 32, 33, 41, 42]
miR-15b	Upregulation	CCNE1	P	[28, 34]
miR-181	Upregulation	TIMP3, TCL1	C	[22, 23]
miR-148a, b	Downregulation	DNMT3b, Mtif, CCKBR, BCL2	D	[22, 43, 44]
miR-198	Downregulation	MSLN, PBX-1, VCP	P, T	[45]
miR-146a	Downregulation	TRAF6, IRAK1, Stat1	T	[46]
miR-20a	Downregulation	Stat3	T	[47]
miR-96	Downregulation	KRAS	T	[48]
miR-375	Downregulation	PDK1, 14-3-3zeta	D	[22, 33]
miR-200c	Downregulation	MUC4, MUC16	P, C, T	[49, 50]
Let-7	Downregulation	KRAS, MAPK	T	[51]

∗D: biomarker for diagnosis, P: predictive value for prognosis, C: indicator for chemosensitivity, T: potential target for treatment.
PTEN: phosphatase and tensin homolog, PDCD4: programed cell death 4, TPM1: tropomyosin 1, TIMP3: tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3, CDKN1B (p27): cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B, PUMA: p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis, TP53INP1: tumor protein 53-induced nuclear protein 1, SEL1L: Sel-1-like, HOXB8: Homeobox B8, ANXA1: annexin A1, HMGA2: high-mobility group AT-hook 2, SOCS6: cytokine-induced signaling 6, LATS2: large tumour suppressor homolog 2, Spry2: Sprouty2, HOXA1: Homeobox A1, FGFRL1: fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1, HOXA9: Homeobox A9, CCNE1: cyclin E1, TCL1: T cell leukemia/lymphoma 1, DNMT3b: DNA methyltransferase 3b, Mitf: microphthalmia associated transcription factor, CCKBR: cholecystokinin-B receptor, BCL2: B cell lymphoma 2, MSLN: mesothelin, PBX-1: Pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox factor 1, VCP: valosin-containing protein, TRAF6: TNF receptor-associated factor 6, IRAK1: interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1, Stat1: signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, Stat3: signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, PDK1: 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase-1, MAPK: Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase.