Outcomes and Risk Factors Associated with Clostridium difficile Diarrhea in Hospitalized Adult Patients
Table 4
Factors associated with poor prognosis among 75 hospitalized adult patients with Clostridium difficile colitis according to univariate logistic regression.
Variable
Poor prognosis group ()
Good prognosis group ()
OR (95% CI)
P value
Age, years, median (IQR)
59.0 (39.5–76.0)
55.0 (35.0–67.0)
1.008 (0.98–1.03)
0.46
Charlson comorbidity index, median (IQR)
3.0 (2.0–5.0)
2.0 (1.0–5.0)
1.68 (0.66–4.24)
0.22
HIV infection
3 (9.3)
2 (4.6)
2.12 (0.33–13.50)
0.42
Proton pump inhibitors use
25 (78.1)
28 (65.1)
1.91 (0.67–5.44)
0.22
Enteral tube feeding
19 (59.3)
11 (25.5)
4.25 (1.59–11.36)
0.004
Cytotoxic chemotherapy in the previous 6 weeks
6 (18.7)
13 (30.2)
0.53 (0.17–1.60)
0.26
Hospitalization in the previous 6 months
19 (59.3)
30 (69.7)
0.63 (0.24–1.65)
0.35
Gastrointestinal surgery in the previous 30 days
5 (15.6)
2 (4.6)
3.79 (0.68–20.99)
0.12
Length of antibiotic treatment, days, median (IQR)
10.0 (7.0–15.0)
10.0 (7.0–14.0)
1.07 (0.96–1.19)
0.19
Fever
9 (28.1)
8 (18.6)
1.71 (0.57–5.08)
0.33
Lethargy
2 (6.2)
2 (4.6)
1.36 (0.18–10.25)
0.76
Dehydration
4 (12.5)
5 (11.6)
1.08 (0.26–4.41)
0.90
Tachycardia
3 (9.3)
2 (4.6)
2.12 (0.33–13.50)
0.42
Abdominal pain
8 (25.0)
18 (41.8)
0.46 (0.16–1.26)
0.13
Abdominal distension
13 (40.6)
11 (25.5)
1.99 (0.74–5.32)
0.17
Anorexia
2 (6.2)
4 (9.3)
0.65 (0.11–3.78)
0.63
Nausea
2 (6.2)
5 (11.6)
0.50 (0.09–2.79)
0.43
Hematochezia
1 (3.1)
5 (11.6)
0.24 (0.02–2.20)
0.21
Leukocytosis or leukopenia
13 (40.6)
25 (58.1)
0.49 (0.19–1.24)
0.13
Initial serum creatinine, mg/dL, median (IQR)
1.1 (0.7–3.05)
0.8 (0.6–1.3)
1.27 (0.93–1.72)
0.12
Initial plasma CPR, mg/L, median (IQR)
63.0 (33.5–174.0)
84.5 (47.0–157.0)
0.99 (0.99–1.00)
0.75
Initial plasma albumin, g/dL, median (IQR)
2.7 (2.3–3.3)
3.2 (2.7–3.6)
0.46 (0.21–1.03)
0.06
Initial serum lactate, mmol/L, median (IQR)
1.1 (0.85–2.2)
0.75 (0.6–0.95)
0.40 (0.59–1.81)
0.10
Data presented as (%) unless otherwise indicated. CPR: C-reactive protein; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; IQR: interquartile range (P25–P75). Composite endpoint that includes in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, and treatment failure.
