Serrated Polyps and Their Alternative Pathway to the Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review

Figure 1

Sessile serrated and traditional serrated pathways. The first pathway consists of molecular profile cancers which are CpG island methylator phenotype-high (CIMP-high) and BRAF mutation positive with microsatellite instability being high (MSI-H) or stability (MMS). The precursor of these cancers may be MVHP and SSA. The second pathway consists of CpG island methylator phenotype-low (CIMP-low), KRAS mutations positive with microsatellite stability or instability being low (MSI-L). The precursor lesion in this second pathway may be TSA. MVHP: microvesicular hyperplastic polyp; SSA: sessile serrated adenoma; TSA: traditional serrated adenoma.