Review Article

Multidisciplinary Care of Patients with Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: Updates in Management

Table 1

Risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma.

General risk factorsInflammatory risk factors
 Obesity Primary sclerosing cholangitis
 Tobacco use Hepatolithiasis
 Age > 65 Biliary cirrhosis
 Type II diabetes Inflammatory bowel disease
 Excessive alcohol intake Biliary-enteric anastomosis
 NAFLDParasitic risk factors
Congenital risk factorsClonorchis sinensis
 Caroli’s diseaseOpisthorchis viverrini
 Choledochal cystsChemical risk factors
 Congenital hepatic fibrosis Nitrosamines
 Bile duct adenomas Vinyl chloride
 Biliary papillomatosis Thorotrast
Viral risk factors Dioxin
 Hepatitis B Oral contraceptives
 Hepatitis C Isoniazid
 HIV Asbestos
 Radon