MicroRNAs in Pancreatic Cancer: Involvement in Carcinogenesis and Potential Use for Diagnosis and Prognosis

Table 1

miRNAs involved in processes of malignant transformation of pancreatic tissue (↓ = reduced, ↑ = increased).

miRNA	Role of miRNA	Expression in PC cells	Impact of the aberrant expression on PC cells	Target gene	Respective references
miR-21	Oncogenic	↑	↑ proliferation and frequency of cell division	PTEN	[18]
miR-221	Oncogenic	↑	↑ cell cycle progression	CDKN1B	[18]
miR-192	Oncogenic	↑	↑ cell cycle progression	SIP1 and cell cycle regulatory genes	[19]
miR-424-5p	Oncogenic	↑	↑ cell proliferation and migration	SOCS6	[20, 21]
miR-124	Tumor-suppressive	↓	↑ proliferation, invasion, and metastasis	RAC1	[22]
miR-203	Tumor-suppressive	↓	↑ cell cycle progression, ↓ apoptosis	BIRC5	[24]
			↑ epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)	CAV1	[45]
miR-143	Tumor-suppressive	↓	↑ cell proliferation, cellular invasivity, and migration	GET1, GET2, and KRAS	[25]
miR-126, let-7d	Tumor-suppressive	↓	↑ cell proliferation	KRAS	[26]
miR-34a	Tumor-suppressive	↓	↓ apoptosis and DNA repair, ↑ cell cycle progression and angiogenesis	TP53	[29–31]
miR-155	Oncogenic	↑	↓ apoptosis	TP53INP1	[32]
miR-200 family	Tumor-suppressive	↓	↑ EMT	ZEB1, SIP1	[43]
miR-208	Oncogenic	↑	↑ EMT	CDH1	[46]
miR-146a	Tumor-suppressive	↓	↑ invasivity	IRAK-1, EGFR	[47]
miR-10a	Oncogenic	↑	↑ invasivity and metastatic behavior	HOXA1, HOXB1, and HOXB3	[47]