Helicobacter pylori Infection in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in the Asian Countries

Table 2

Results of meta-analyses for Helicobacter pylori eradication on GERD.

Study [references]	Number of enrolled studies	Location of enrolled studies	Risk ratio (95% confidence interval)	Conclusion
Xie et al. 2013 [42]	12 cohort studies and; 12 RCTs	Cohort; Europe: 4; North America: 1; Asia: 7; RCTs; Europe: 7; South America: 1; Asia: 4	3 type A cohort studies: 2.50 (1.46–4.26, ); 9 type B cohort studies: 1.70 (1.30–2.23, ); 12 RCTs: 1.09 (1.23–3.22, ); 4 Asian RCTs: 4.53 (1.66–12.36, )	Eradication of the infection may be a risk factor for de novo endoscopic GERD, especially in Asian populations.
Yaghoobi et al. 2010 [43]	5 cohort studies and 7 RCTs	Cohort; Europe: 1; Asia: 4; RCTs; Europe: 3; North America: 3; South America: 1	5 cohort studies: 1.37 (0.89–2.12, ); 6 RCTs using erosive GERD as outcome: 1.11 (0.81–1.53, ); 5 RCTs using symptomatic GERD as outcome: 1.22 (0.89–1.69, )	There is no association between H. pylori eradication and development of new cases of GERD in the population of dyspeptic patients.
Qian et al. 2011 [44]	11 RCTs	Europe: 5; North America: 3; South America: 1; Asia: 1; Multinational: 1	7 RCTs using heartburn symptom as outcome: 0.88 (0.63–1.23, ); 10 RCTs using erosive esophagitis as outcome: 0.97 (0.67–1.40, )	H. pylori eradication does not aggravate the clinical outcomes in; terms of short-term and long-term posteradication occurrence of GERD.
Saad et al. 2012 [45]	10 RCTs	Europe: 7; North America: 2; Asia: 1	10 RCTs using symptomatic GERD as outcome: 0.81 (0.56–1.71, ); 10 RCTs using endoscopic esophagitis as outcome: 1.13 (0.72–1.78, )	Treatment of H. pylori does not seem to increase GERD symptoms or reflux esophagitis.; However, documented eradication of H. pylori appears to significantly improve GERD symptoms.

RCT: randomized controlled trial; GERD: gastroesophageal reflux disease; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.