Cytokines as Early Markers of Colorectal Anastomotic Leakage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Figure 2

Weighted means of peritoneal levels of TNF (a, ng/mL), IL-6 (b, ng/mL), and IL-1β (c, ng/mL) on each postoperative day (POD) comparing colorectal anastomotic leakage (CAL) patients with non-CAL patients; TNF (a), IL-6 (b), and IL-1β (c). The values of differences are illustrated when relevant.

(a)

(b)

(c)