Association of Endoscopic Features of Gastric Mucosa with Helicobacter pylori Infection in Chinese Patients
Table 2
Associations between endoscopic and histological evaluations for H. pylori infection.
Hp
Hp
Total
Sensitivity (%)
Specificity (%)
PPV (%)
NPV (%)
ROC/AUC
P
(95% CI)
(95% CI)
(95% CI)
(95% CI)
(95% CI)
Mucus on the gastric mucosa
+
58
7
65
53.33
95.1
89.23
71.2
0.732
<0.001
−
55
136
191
41.7–60.8
90.2–98.0
79.1–95.6
64.2–77.5
0.673–0.785
Diffuse redness
+
65
6
71
57.52
95.8
91.54
74.65
0.767
<0.001
−
48
137
185
47.9–66.8
91.1–98.4
82.5–96.8
67.1–80.2
0.710–0.817
Spotty redness of fundic mucosa
+
69
6
75
61.06
95.8
92.99
75.69
0.784
<0.001
−
44
137
181
53.4–70.1
91.1–98.4
83.4–97.0
68.8–81.7
0.729–0.833
Patchy redness
+
0
4
4
28
100
100
56.56
0.514
<0.05
−
113
139
252
0.8–7.0
96.8–100
31.2–100
50.2–62.8
0.451–0.577
Enlarged fold
+
68
12
80
60.18
92.25
85.99
74.57
0.762
<0.001
−
45
131
176
56.5–69.3
86.6–96.1
76.4–92.8
67.5–80.8
0.765–0.813
Mucosal edema
+
72
15
97
72.27
89.51
84.48
80.33
0.81
<0.001
−
31
128
159
63.4–80.5
83.3–94.0
75.7–91.0
73.3–86.2
73.3–86.2
Red streak
+
0
5
5
100
2.8
44.84
100
0.514
<0.05
−
113
138
251
96.5–100
0.8–7.0
38.6–51.2
39.8–100
0.451–0.577
RAC
+
98
15
113
86.73
90.21
87.5
89.6
0.815
<0.001
−
128
15
143
79.1–92.4
84.1–94.5
79.9–93.0
83.4
0.839–0.921
Xanthoma
+
6
7
13
5.31
95.1
46.33
55.97
0.052
>0.05
−
136
107
243
2.0–11.2
90.2–98.0
19.2–74.8
49.5–62.3
0.439–0.565
Fundic gland polyp
+
5
21
26
14.69
95.58
72.42
58.54
0.551
<0.05
−
108
122
230
9.3–21.6
90.0–98.5
50.0–88.8
52.0–65.0
0.488–0.613
Hyperplastic polyp
+
2
0
2
1.77
100
100
56.3
0.509
>0.05
−
111
143
254
0.2–6.2
97.5–100
15.8–100
15.8–100
45.96–62.491
Gastric ulcer
+
9
3
12
7.96
97.9
74.97
57.38
0.529
<0.05
−
104
140
244
3.7–14.6
94.0–99.6
42.8–94.5
50.9–63.7
0.466–0.592
Duodenal ulcer
+
13
6
19
13.5
95.8
68.39
57.8
0.537
<0.05
−
100
137
237
6.3–18.9
91.1–98.4
43.4–87.4
51.2–64.1
0.473–0.599
Erosion
Flat type
+
105
131
236
8.39
92.92
48.36
56.21
0.507
>0.05
−
8
12
20
4.4–14.2
86.5–96.9
25.6–71.6
49.6–62.6
0.444–0.569
Raised type
+
112
139
251
2.8
99.12
71.54
56.34
0.51
>0.05
−
1
4
5
0.8–7.0
95.2–100
19.4–98.6
50.0–62.6
0.477–0.572
Hemorrhagic erosion
+
111
142
253
13.89
93.81
66.28
57.4
0.528
>0.05
−
2
1
3
96.2–100
0.2–6.2
38.2–50.8
16.9–99.8
0.442–0.568
Bleeding spot
+
106
126
232
12.89
93.81
66.28
57.4
0.528
>0.05
−
7
17
24
7.1–18.4
87.7–97.5
37.6–80.1
50.8–63.8
0.465–0.591
The “+” and “−” signs indicate the presence (+) or absence (−) of an endoscopic feature; “Hp+” indicates H. pylori positive, and “Hp−” indicates H. pylori negative. NPV: negative predictive value; PPV: positive predictive value; ROC/AUC: area under the curve of receiver operating characteristics. 95% CI: 95% confidence intervals.