Association of Endoscopic Features of Gastric Mucosa with Helicobacter pylori Infection in Chinese Patients

Table 2

Associations between endoscopic and histological evaluations for H. pylori infection.

		Hp	Hp	Total	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	PPV (%)	NPV (%)	ROC/AUC	P
					(95% CI)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)
Mucus on the gastric mucosa	+	58	7	65	53.33	95.1	89.23	71.2	0.732	<0.001
	−	55	136	191	41.7–60.8	90.2–98.0	79.1–95.6	64.2–77.5	0.673–0.785
Diffuse; redness	+	65	6	71	57.52	95.8	91.54	74.65	0.767	<0.001
	−	48	137	185	47.9–66.8	91.1–98.4	82.5–96.8	67.1–80.2	0.710–0.817
Spotty redness; of fundic mucosa	+	69	6	75	61.06	95.8	92.99	75.69	0.784	<0.001
	−	44	137	181	53.4–70.1	91.1–98.4	83.4–97.0	68.8–81.7	0.729–0.833
Patchy redness	+	0	4	4	28	100	100	56.56	0.514	<0.05
	−	113	139	252	0.8–7.0	96.8–100	31.2–100	50.2–62.8	0.451–0.577
Enlarged fold	+	68	12	80	60.18	92.25	85.99	74.57	0.762	<0.001
	−	45	131	176	56.5–69.3	86.6–96.1	76.4–92.8	67.5–80.8	0.765–0.813
Mucosal edema	+	72	15	97	72.27	89.51	84.48	80.33	0.81	<0.001
	−	31	128	159	63.4–80.5	83.3–94.0	75.7–91.0	73.3–86.2	73.3–86.2
Red streak	+	0	5	5	100	2.8	44.84	100	0.514	<0.05
	−	113	138	251	96.5–100	0.8–7.0	38.6–51.2	39.8–100	0.451–0.577
RAC	+	98	15	113	86.73	90.21	87.5	89.6	0.815	<0.001
	−	128	15	143	79.1–92.4	84.1–94.5	79.9–93.0	83.4	0.839–0.921
Xanthoma	+	6	7	13	5.31	95.1	46.33	55.97	0.052	>0.05
	−	136	107	243	2.0–11.2	90.2–98.0	19.2–74.8	49.5–62.3	0.439–0.565
Fundic gland polyp	+	5	21	26	14.69	95.58	72.42	58.54	0.551	<0.05
	−	108	122	230	9.3–21.6	90.0–98.5	50.0–88.8	52.0–65.0	0.488–0.613
Hyperplastic polyp	+	2	0	2	1.77	100	100	56.3	0.509	>0.05
	−	111	143	254	0.2–6.2	97.5–100	15.8–100	15.8–100	45.96–62.491
Gastric; ulcer	+	9	3	12	7.96	97.9	74.97	57.38	0.529	<0.05
	−	104	140	244	3.7–14.6	94.0–99.6	42.8–94.5	50.9–63.7	0.466–0.592
Duodenal; ulcer	+	13	6	19	13.5	95.8	68.39	57.8	0.537	<0.05
	−	100	137	237	6.3–18.9	91.1–98.4	43.4–87.4	51.2–64.1	0.473–0.599
Erosion
Flat type	+	105	131	236	8.39	92.92	48.36	56.21	0.507	>0.05
	−	8	12	20	4.4–14.2	86.5–96.9	25.6–71.6	49.6–62.6	0.444–0.569
Raised type	+	112	139	251	2.8	99.12	71.54	56.34	0.51	>0.05
	−	1	4	5	0.8–7.0	95.2–100	19.4–98.6	50.0–62.6	0.477–0.572
Hemorrhagic erosion	+	111	142	253	13.89	93.81	66.28	57.4	0.528	>0.05
	−	2	1	3	96.2–100	0.2–6.2	38.2–50.8	16.9–99.8	0.442–0.568
Bleeding spot	+	106	126	232	12.89	93.81	66.28	57.4	0.528	>0.05
	−	7	17	24	7.1–18.4	87.7–97.5	37.6–80.1	50.8–63.8	0.465–0.591

The “+” and “−” signs indicate the presence (+) or absence (−) of an endoscopic feature; “Hp⁺” indicates H. pylori positive, and “Hp⁻” indicates H. pylori negative. NPV: negative predictive value; PPV: positive predictive value; ROC/AUC: area under the curve of receiver operating characteristics. 95% CI: 95% confidence intervals.