Capsule Endoscopy for Portal Hypertensive Enteropathy

Table 2

Prevalence of and factors related to portal hypertensive enteropathy using capsule endoscopy.

Year	First author	Design	Indication	Comparison (number)	Prevalence (%)	Related factors
2015	Aoyama [16]	Retrospective, single	OGIB	PHE versus non-PHE (91 versus 43)	68 versus 0	Univariate analysis: CTP class B or C, PSs, ascites, portal thrombosis, EVs, PHG Multivariate analysis: PSs
2014	Jeon [17]	Retrospective, multicenter	OGIB	PHE versus non-PHE (18 versus 27)	40 versus 0	Univariate analysis: CTP class C, high CT score Multivariate analysis: high CT score
2010	Abdelaal [10]	Prospective, single	OGIB	LC with PH versus non-LC with PH (31 versus 29)	67.7 versus 6.9	High TE score, CTP class B or C, large EVs, PHG, history of EIS/EVL
2010	Akyuz [18]	Prospective, single	OGIB	LC with PH versus non-LC with PH (14 versus 7)	92.8 versus 85.7	No related factors
2009	Kovács [8]	Retrospective, two-hospital	OGIB	LC with PH versus non-LC (11 versus 22)	18.2 versus 0	—
2008	Goulas [19]	Prospective, single	OGIB	LC with PH versus non-LC (35 versus 70)	65.7 versus 15.7	Severe PHG
2008	Figueiredo [20]	Prospective, single	—	PH versus non-PH (36 versus 30)	69 versus 3	History of acute GI bleeding
2005	De Palma [9]	Prospective, single	OGIB	LC with PH versus IBS (37 versus 34)	67.5 versus 0	≥Gr 2+ varices, PHG, PHC, CTP class C

OGIB: obscure gastrointestinal bleeding; CE: capsule endoscopy; PHE: portal hypertensive enteropathy; CTP: Child-Turcotte-Pugh; CT: computed tomography; DBE: double-balloon enteroscopy; PSs: portosystemic shunts; EVs: esophageal varices; PHG: portal hypertensive gastropathy; LC: liver cirrhosis; PH: portal hypertension; LD: liver disease; TE: transient elastography; EIS/EVL: endoscopic variceal injection sclerotherapy or ligation; GI: gastrointestinal; Gr: grade; PHC: portal hypertensive colopathy.