Extramural Venous Invasion as Prognostic Factor of Recurrence in Stage 1 and 2 Colon Cancer

Table 3

Characteristics associated with recurrence. Tumour location is divided in tumour distal and proximal to the flexura lienalis. Hazard ratios are determined through univariate Cox regression analysis.

	Cox hazard ratio	95% confidence interval
EM ± IMVI	2.39	0.83–6.89
T4	2.02	0.87–4.69
Differentiation	No events in patients with poor differentiation
LVI/PNI	2.21	0.85–5.75
Number of examined lymph nodes	0.96	0.92–1.01
Tumour location (distal is reference)	0.93	0.45–1.9

Hazard ratios are reported for each additional lymph node examined. EM ± IMVI: extramural and intramural venous invasion, LVI/PNI: lymphovascular/perineural invasion.