Pulmonary Complications after Surgery for Rectal Cancer in Elderly Patients: Evaluation of Laparoscopic versus Open Approach from a Multicenter Study on 477 Consecutive Cases

Table 2

Demographics and disease-related data in PPC versus no PPC group.

	No PPC	PPC	value
Age	77.15 ± 6.17	78.02 ± 5.44	0.100
Gender			0.573
Male	260	16
Female	186	15
ASA			0.522
1	3	0
2	207	14
3	208	13
4	28	4
Weight habit			0.468
Normal	244	14
Overweight	156	12
Obesity	46	5
Smoke			1.000
No	315	22
Yes	131	9
COPD			0.070
No	399	24
Yes	47	7
Hypertension			0.324
No	301	18
Yes	145	13
Diabetes			0.831
No	337	23
Yes	109	8
T stage			0.192
T0	22	0
T1	28	1
T2	96	6
T3	272	19
T4	28	5
Tumor localization			0.605
Upper	78	5
Middle	190	16
Low	178	10
Neoadjuvant	157	12	0.331
Type of surgery			0.485
Abdominoperineal resection	41	1
Rectal resection	186	22