Probiotics Reduce Postoperative Infections in Patients Undergoing Colorectal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Table 2
Summary estimates and 95%CIs for total effects of the probiotics.
Outcomes
Number of studies
Case
OR (95%CIs)
Z-test ( value)
χ2
HG value
Probiotics
Placebo
Total infections
5
397
417
0.59 [0.43, 0.83]
0.002
7.11
0.13
Surgical site infection (SSI)
805
850
0.67 [0.49, 0.93]
0.02
8.53
0.67
Incision infection
7
472
491
0.61 [0.41, 0.91]
0.02
4.59
0.60
Organ/space SSI
4
333
359
0.82 [0.47, 1.42]
0.48
3.15
0.53
Nonsurgical site infection (NSSI)
592
587
0.36 [0.23, 0.57]
0.00001
6.26
0.79
Urinary tract infection
3
174
173
0.39 [0.16, 0.96]
0.04
2.06
0.36
Pneumonia
4
209
207
0.25 [0.11, 0.60]
0.002
0.47
0.92
Bacteremia
4
209
207
0.44 [0.23, 0.85]
0.01
2.59
0.46
Bacterial translocation
2
95
97
0.13 [0.01, 1.48]
0.10
6.28
0.01†
Anastomotic leakage
4
382
399
0.80 [0.28, 2.48]
0.70
7.08
0.07‡
HG: heterogeneity, χ2 test with a indicated significant heterogeneity across studies; †,‡there was obvious statistical heterogeneity, but no observed clinical heterogeneity, and a random effects model was adopted.
