Review Article
Probiotics Reduce Postoperative Infections in Patients Undergoing Colorectal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Table 3
Summary estimates and 95%CIs for effects of different probiotics formulation.
| Outcomes | Number of studies | Case | OR (95%CIs) | Z-test ( value) | χ2 | HG value | Probiotics | Placebo |
| Multistrain probiotic combination | Total infections | 2 | 114 | 110 | 0.30 [0.15, 0.61] | 0.0009 | 0.24 | 0.62 | Surgical site infection (SSI) | — | 254 | 252 | 0.48 [0.25, 0.89] | 0.02 | 4.12 | 0.66 | Incision infection | 5 | 204 | 202 | 0.38 [0.19, 0.76] | 0.006 | 1.10 | 0.89 | Organ/space SSI | 2 | 50 | 50 | 2.43 [0.34, 17.15] | 0.37 | 0.04 | 0.84 | Nonsurgical site infection (NSSI) | — | 577 | 569 | 0.36 [0.23, 0.56] | <0.00001 | 5.35 | 0.80 | Urinary tract infection | 2 | 159 | 155 | 0.34 [0.13, 0.90] | 0.03 | 1.46 | 0.23 | Pneumonia | 4 | 209 | 207 | 0.27 [0.11, 0.63] | 0.003 | 0.37 | 0.95 | Bacteremia | 4 | 209 | 207 | 0.44 [0.23, 0.85] | 0.01 | 2.59 | 0.46 | Bacterial translocation | 2 | 95 | 97 | 0.28 [0.08, 1.01] | 0.05 | 3.03 | 0.08 | Anastomotic leakage | 2 | 114 | 110 | 0.14 [0.02, 0.81] | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.83 | Non-multistrain combination | Total infections | 3 | 283 | 307 | 0.74 [0.50, 1.09] | 0.13 | 2.05 | 0.36 | Surgical site infection (SSI) | — | 551 | 596 | 0.77 [0.52, 1.12] | 0.17 | 2.60 | 0.63 | Incision infection | 2 | 268 | 289 | 0.79 [0.48, 1.31] | 0.36 | 0.76 | 0.38 | Organ/space SSI | 3 | 283 | 307 | 0.73 [0.41, 1.31] | 0.29 | 1.86 | 0.40 | Urinary tract infection | 1 | 15 | 18 | 1.21 [0.07. 21.22] | 0.89 | — | — | Anastomotic leakage | 2 | 268 | 289 | 1.49 [0.78, 2.86] | 0.23 | 0.85 | 0.36 |
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HG: heterogeneity, χ2 test with a indicated significant heterogeneity across studies.
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