Quercetin Pretreatment Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion-Induced Apoptosis and Autophagy by Inhibiting ERK/NF-κB Pathway

Figure 3

Effects of QE on the release of TNF-α and IL-6 in mice on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Notes: (a) the levels of serum TNF-α and IL-6 measured with ELISAs were reduced by quercetin pretreatment in mice at doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg. Data are presented as means ± SD (, for sham versus IR, ^# for QE100 + IR versus IR, and ⁺ for QE200 + IR versus IR). (b) The mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were evaluated in each group with qRT-PCR (, for sham versus IR, ^# for QE100 + IR versus IR, and ⁺ for QE200 + IR versus IR). (c) The protein expression levels of the TNF-α and IL-6 were determined with Western blotting by grey bands at each time point. (d) Immunohistochemistry staining (×200) showing the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in liver tissue at 8 h. The ratio of brown area to total area was analyzed with Image-Pro Plus 6.0 (, for sham versus IR, ^# for QE100 + IR versus IR, and ⁺ for QE200 + IR versus IR).

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