Quercetin Pretreatment Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion-Induced Apoptosis and Autophagy by Inhibiting ERK/NF-κB Pathway

Figure 7

Mechanism of QE action. Notes: in IR-induced hepatitis, QE reduced apoptosis and autophagy by inhibiting ERK/NF-κB pathway. After IR injection, TNF-α activated ERK by phosphorylating it, which then led to the excitation of NF-κB. Bcl-2 was phosphorylated, which promoted the release of caspase 9 and caspase 3. They work together with Bax activated by TNF-α and led to apoptosis. Beclin-1 dissociated from Bcl-2, enhancing the induction of autophagy. Thus, QE successfully inhibited the release of TNF-α in stressed cells during hepatic IR injury and also reduced apoptosis and autophagy by reducing the expression of NF-κB.