Endoscopic Mucosal Resection Performed Underwater for Nonampullary Duodenal Epithelial Tumor: Evaluation of Feasibility and Safety

Table 1

Patient characteristics and therapeutic summary.

Case	Location	Macroscopic type	Size of snare	Biopsy diagnosis	Tumor size	Final diagnosis	Histological margin	En bloc or multiple resection	Recurrence (follow-up period)	Adverse event
1	2nd	Protuberance	20 mm	Group 4	13 mm	Aca	D/E	Multiple (4)	Recurrence (1 M)	(−)
2	2nd	Protuberance	27 mm	Adenoma	12 mm	LGA	D/E	En bloc	No (28 M)	(−)
3	2nd/2nd	Protuberance/protuberance	13 mm	Aca/undone	12 mm/6 mm	Aca/LGA	D/E/D/E	En bloc/En bloc	No (27 M)/No (27 M)	(−)/(−)
4	2nd	Protuberance	13 mm	Adenoma	11 mm	HGA	D/E	En bloc	OFD (10 M)	(−)
5	2nd	Protuberance	13 mm	Adenoma	9 mm	LGA	pHM0	En bloc	No (13 M)	(−)
6	2nd	Protuberance	13 mm	Group 4	8 mm	HGA	D/E	En bloc	No (12 M)	(−)
7	2nd	Protuberance	13 mm	Adenoma	10 mm	HGA	D/E	En bloc	No (12 M)	(−)
8	Bulb	Protuberance	13 mm	Hyperplastic	15 mm	LGA	D/E	En bloc	No (10 M)	Bleeding during UW-EMR
9	2nd	Protuberance	16 mm	Adenoma	15 mm	LGA	D/E	Multiple (2)	No (10 M)	Bleeding post-UW-EMR
10	2nd	Protuberance	13 mm	Adenoma	12 mm	HGA	D/E	En bloc	No (10 M)	(−)
11	2nd/2nd	Depress/depress	13 mm	Adenoma/HGA	7 mm/6 mm	LGA/HGA	pHM0/D/E	En bloc/En bloc	No (5 M)/No (5 M)	(−)/(−)
12	2nd	Protuberance	18 mm	Adenoma	8 mm	HGA	D/E	En bloc	Recurrence (1 M)	Bleeding during UW-EMR
13	2nd	Protuberance	13 mm	Adenoma	6 mm	HGA	pHM1	En bloc	No (1 M)	Bleeding during UW-EMR
14	2nd	Depress	13 mm	Adenoma	18 mm	LGA	pHM0	En bloc	No (1 M)	(−)

Aca: adenocarcinoma, LGA: low-grade adenoma, HGA: high-grade adenoma, D/E: difficulty of evaluation, OFD: other factors death.