Perioperative Care of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Focus on Nutritional Support

Table 1

Predictors of aggressive Crohn’s disease [4–7].

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(i) Clinical risk factors

 (a) Young age at presentation

 (b) Steroids required at first presentation or within 6 months

 (c) Perianal disease

 (d) Upper tract disease

 (e) >2 steroid courses

 (f) Current smokers

 (g) Multiple admissions

 (h) Early resection

(ii) Increased number of positive antibodies identified children at risk for complicated disease

 (a) ANCA, ASCA, and anti-CBir 1

(iii) One or more NOD2 mutations associated with aggressive fibrostenotic course

(iv) Presence of a stricture on CTE, MRE, or colonoscopy risk factor for future complications (fistula, abscess, perforation, and obstruction)

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ANCA: antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies; ASCA: anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies; anti-CBir 1: bacterial flagellin antibodies; NOD2: nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2; CTE: computed tomography enterography; MRE: magnetic resonance enterography.