Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression Is a Predictive Marker for Late Recurrence in Colorectal Cancer

Table 1

Clinical and pathological characteristics according to COX-2 expression in 376 patients with R0 resection.

Variable	Total patient ()	COX-2 negative ()	COX-2 positive ()	value
Age (yr)				0.496
<70	311 (82.7%)	134 (81.2%)	177 (83.9%)
≥70	65 (17.3%)	31 (18.8%)	34 (16.1%)
Gender				0.436
Male	208 (55.3%)	95 (57.6%)	113 (53.6%)
Female	168 (44.7%)	70 (42.4%)	98 (46.4%)
Tumor location				0.209
Right colon	82 (21.8%)	34 (20.6%)	48 (22.7%)
Left colon	113 (30.1%)	43 (26.1%)	70 (33.2%)
Rectum	181 (48.1%)	88 (53.3%)	93 (44.1%)
Tumor size				0.961
<5 cm	118 (31.4%)	52 (31.5%)	66 (31.3%)
≥5 cm	258 (68.6%)	113 (68.5%)	145 (68.7%)
Gross type				0.297
Fungating	180 (44.9%)	83 (50.3%)	97 (46.0%)
Infiltrative	170 (46.9%)	69 (41.8%)	101 (47.8%)
Unknown	26 (8.2%)	13 (7.9%)	13 (6.2%)
Cell type				0.303
Nonmucinous	356 (94.7%)	154 (93.3%)	202 (95.7%)
Mucinous	20 (5.3%)	11 (6.7%)	9 (4.3%)
Differentiation				0.032
WD	10 (2.7%)	5 (3.0%)	5 (2.4%)
MD	301 (80.1%)	141 (85.5%)	160 (75.8%)
PD	65 (17.3%)	19 (11.5%)	46 (21.8%)
Lymphatic invasion				0.004
Absent	180 (47.9%)	65 (39.4%)	115 (54.5%)
Present	196 (52.1%)	100 (60.6%)	96 (45.5%)
Vascular invasion				0.634
Absent	372 (98.9%)	164 (99.4%)	208 (98.6%)
Present	4 (1.1%)	1 (0.6%)	3 (1.4%)
T category				0.089
T1	7 (1.9%)	1 (0.6%)	6 (2.8%)
T2	32 (8.5%)	9 (5.5%)	23 (10.9%)
T3	330 (87.8%)	152 (92.1%)	178 (84.4%)
T4	7 (1.9%)	3 (1.8%)	4 (1.9%)
N category				0.019
N0	185 (49.2%)	69 (41.8%)	116 (55.0%)
N1	90 (23.9%)	41 (24.8%)	49 (23.2%)
N2	101 (26.9%)	55 (33.3%)	46 (21.8%)
Stage				0.003
I	31 (8.2%)	7 (4.2%)	24 (11.4%)
II	158 (42.0%)	62 (37.6%)	96 (45.5%)
III	187 (49.7%)	96 (58.2%)	91 (43.1%)
Recurrence				0.001
Early (≤3 yrs)	71 (18.9%)	45 (27.4%)	26 (12.3%)
Late (>3 yrs)	27 (7.2%)	7 (4.3%)	20 (9.4%)
No	278 (73.9%)	112 (67.9%)	166 (78.7%)